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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Syntenic Genes |
Genes located on the same chromosome |
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Recombinant/Non-parental Chromosomes |
Chromosomes in gametes produced by crossing over between linked genes. Alleles marking each gene are rearranged by crossing over |
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Parental/Non-Recombinant Chromosomes |
Chromosomes that do not undergo crossing over to reshuffle alleles |
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Genetic Linkage Mapping |
Plotting of genes on a chromosome |
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The frequency of crossing over is ____________ to the distance between genes |
The frequency of crossing over is _proportionate_ to the distance between genes |
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Recombination Frequency - formula |
number of recombinants total # of progeny
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Two-point Test Cross |
A dihybrid F1 is crossed to a pure-breeding recessive |
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Intragenic Recombination |
Crossing over within a gene |
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Recombination occurs more frequently in the _____ sex |
Recombination occurs more frequently in the _homogametic_ sex (XX, female) |
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Hotspots/Coldspots of recombination |
Segments of chromosomes that undergo substantially more/less recombination than average |
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Unit of Genetic Map Distance |
cM (centiMorgan) map unit (m.u.) |
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Haplotype |
Array of alleles in a set of linked genes on a single chromosome |
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Tetrad |
In yeast, four haploid ascospores contained with an ascus. |
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Parental Ditype |
Tetrads with no crossing over between homologous chromosomes |
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Nonparental Ditype |
Tetrads that have undergone chomosomal rearrangement which produces different genotypes than the parents |
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Ordered Ascus |
The linear sequence in an ascus of haploid spores whose arrangement allows determination of the chromatids participating in crossing over |
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cM (centiMorgan), map unit (m.u.) |
A theoretical distance between linked genes on a chromosome |
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Linkage Group |
A group of genes displaying genetic linkage |
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Genetic Markers |
Alleles of either expressed genes or noncoding chromosomal regions identifying a specific region of a chromosome. Can be used to trace or identify another gene, the chromosome, or a cell, organ or individual |
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Complete Linkage Map |
The absence of crossing over between linked genes |
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Linkage Disequilbirium |
The nonrandom distribution into gametes of alleles of linked genes |
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Linkage Equilibrium |
The random distribution into gametes of alleles of linked genes achieved by crossing over between the genes |
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Gamete |
The reproductive cells produced by make and female reproductive structures; e.g. sperm, pollen, eggs |
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Four-strand double crossover |
Two crossover events between a pair of homologous chromosomes that involve all four chromatids |
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Tetratype |
In an ascus, the occurrence of both types of parentals and both types of recombinants among the spores |
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Genetic Linkage |
The result of genes being located so near one another on a chromosome that their alleles do not assort independently |
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Mitotic Crossover |
Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during mitosis |
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Three-strand double crossover |
The occurrence of double crossover involving three of the four chromatids |
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Ascus |
The spore sac formed by fungi containing four (tetrad) or eight (octad) haploid spores |
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Mapping Function |
Corrective calculations used to more accurately estimate recombination frequencies between linked genes |
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Three-point Test Cross |
A test cross designed to identify genetic linkage between genes and to provide data for determination of recombination frequency between linked genes |
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Cytological Markers |
Structural differences between homologus chromosomes that serve to differentiate the chromosomes |
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Double Recombinant (double crossover) |
The occurrence of two crossovers between homologous chromosomes in a particular region. May involve two, three or all four chromatids |
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Two-strand double crossover |
The occurrence of a double crossover involving two of the four chromatids |
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Allelic phase |
Describing the cis and trans arrangements of alleles of linked genes on homologous copies of a chromosome pair |
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Interference |
Measurement of the independence of crossovers. Measured on a scale of 0 - 1.0 |
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Incomplete genetic linkage |
The occurrence of crossing over between linked genes |
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Two-point Test-cross Analysis |
A test-cross designed to identify genetic linkage between two genes and to provide data for determination of recombination frequency between linked genes |
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Recombination Frequency (r) |
The rate of occurrence of recombinations between a pair of linked genes |
