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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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central nervous system (CNS)
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the part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord
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spinal cord
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a bundle of neurons that leaves the brain and runs down the length of the back and is the main means for transmitting messages between the brain and the body
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reflex
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an automatic, involuntary response to an incoming stimulus
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sensory (afferent) neurons
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neurons that transmit information from the perimeter of the body to the central nervous system
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motor (efferent) neurons
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neurons that communicate information from the nervous system to muscles and glands
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interneurons
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neurons that connect sensory and motor neurons, carrying messages between the two.
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peripheral nervous system
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the part of the nervous system that includes the autonomic and somatic subdivisions; made up of neurons with long axons and dendrites, it branches out from the spinal cord and brain and reaches the extremities of the body.
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somatic division
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the part of the PNS that specializes in the control of voluntary movements and the communication of information to and from the sense organs.
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autonomic division
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the part of the PNS that controls involuntary movement of the heart, glands, lungs, and other organs
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sympathetic division
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the part of the autonomic division that acts to prepare the body for action in stressful situations, engaging all the organism's resources to respond to a threat.
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parasympathetic division
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the part of the autonomic division of the nervous system that acts to calm the body after an emergency ended.
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evolutionary psychology
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the branch of psychology that seeks to identify behavior patterns that are a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors
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behavioral genetics
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the study of the effects of heredity on behavior
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endocrine system
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a chemical communication network that sends messages throughout the body via the bloodstream
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pituitary gland
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the major component of the endocrine's system, or "master gland," which secretes hormones that control growth and other parts of the endocrine system
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