Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is a physical change?
|
Doesn't alter the nature of the characteristic properties of matter, atoms and molecules do not change, change of state and change of shape
|
|
|
|
What is a chemical change?
|
Alters the nature of the characteristic properties of matter. Bonds are being broken and rearranged, release of gas, emission of absorption of heat, emission of light, change in color, precipitation, new substances with different characteristics are being formed
|
|
|
|
What is a nuclear transformation?
|
-fusion: forming a larger nuclei by the collision of smaller nuclear particles/nuclei
-fission: when a heavier atom breaks apart into lighter elements, therefore releasing aloe of energy --> ectothermic=very dangerous |
|
|
|
What is an endothermic reaction?
|
Chemical change that absorbs energy, requires a constant source of energy, the energy absorbed causes our surrounding temperature to decrease, Q is positive
|
|
|
|
What is an exothermic reaction?
|
Chemical change that releases energy, energy is only needed to start the reaction, it can be used as a source of energy to start other reactions, the energy released is given off to our surrounding therefore increasing the surrounding temperature, Q is negative
|
|
|
|
How do you calculate bond energy?
|
Look at the bond energy table --> Q=energy absorbed-energy released
|
|
|
|
What is acid-base neutralization?
|
A chemical change involving the reacting of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water
|
|
|
|
What is oxidation?
|
Chemical reaction with oxygen or a substance with similar properties to those of oxygen (chalcogen - 6 valence electrons)
|
|
|
|
How is oxidation acoided
|
Galvanization and antioxidants
|
|
|
|
What are the 3 elements needed for combustion?
|
Oxidizing element, fuel and ignition temperature
|
|
|
|
What are the 3 types of combustion?
|
Rapid, spontaneous and slow
|
|
|
|
What is cellular respiration?
|
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Slow combustion, endothermic |
|
|
|
What is photosynthesis?
|
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy --> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
No combustion, endothermic |
Hat
|
|
|
What is radioactivity?
|
The naturally occurring nuclear transformation of an unstable atom (heavy atom)
|
|
|
|
What is the energy released in radioactivity made up of?
|
Small, fast moving particles and high energy waves
|
|
|
|
The level of radioactivity of an element chairs according to it's ______
|
Stability
|
|
|
|
Alpha rays can be stopped by _____, beta rays can be stopped by _____ and gamma rays can be stopped by ______
|
Paper, foil, concrete/steel
|
|
|
|
What is nuclear stability?
|
The balance between the neutrons and protons so that the protons will not repel and break down
|
|
|
|
What does nuclear stability depend on?
|
The size of the nucleus (atomic weight) and the number of neutrons. The higher the mass, the more unstable, but the more neutralizing neutrons, the more stable
|
|
|
|
What is nuclear force?
|
The force that acts against repulsion and holds the nucleus together
|
|
|
|
Spontaneous nuclear transformations result in _______...
|
Greater stability and a related of radiation
|
|
|
|
What is a half life?
|
The time taken for half the nucleus in a material to decay
|
|
|
|
An artificial nuclear transformation is when ______...
|
A nucleus is bombarded with another particle
|
|
