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238 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"Witch's hat" FV loop
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Restrictive lung disease
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Absent lung markings
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Pneumothorax
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Accentuated S1
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Tachycardia, exercise, asthma, hyperthyroidism, mitral stenosis
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Air bronchograms
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Airspace disease - pneumonia, edema, hemorrhage, aspiration
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Alcoholic w/pneumonia
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Klebsiella
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Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
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Bronchiectasis, early onset emphysema
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Amaurosis fugax
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Arterial occlusion of retinal artery
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Angular cheilitis
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Riboflavin deficiency
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Anitschkow bodies
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Rheumatic heart disease
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Apical lesions
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TB, fungus
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Aschoff bodies
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Rheumatic heart disease
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AV nicking
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Hypertension
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Barking cough
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Croup
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Beck's triad
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Cardiac tamponade - JVD, Hypotension, Quiet heart sounds
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Beta hemolytic strep, non-group A
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Strep agalactiae
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Bicuspid aortic valve
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Aortic stenosis
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Blue bloater
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Chronic bronchitis
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Blue, pale, boggy turbinates
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Allergic rhinitis (seasonal)
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Boot shaped heart
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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Bounding "water hammer" pulses
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Aortic regurgitation
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Bronchial breath sounds
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage; or over trachea & mainstem bronchi
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Bronchophony
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage
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Bronchovesicular breath sounds
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage
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Brown pigmentation of skin above ankles
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Venous stasis
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Bullous myringitis w/resp symptoms
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Charcot-Leyden crystals
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Asthma
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Chest pain worsening with deep breathing
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Pericarditis
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Cholesteatoma
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Chronic otitis media
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Chorea (rapid involuntary movements involving face, slurred speech, tongue retracts)
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Rheumatic fever
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Chronic cough esp. at night or early morning
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GERD
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Clearing of crackles after coughing
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Bronchitis, atelectasis
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Clubbing of the nails
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Lung abscess, malignancy, congenital heart disease, hypoxia
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Continuous high/medium pitched murmur
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Continuous low pitched murmur
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Jugular venous hum
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Cool skin w/peripheral vascular disease
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Arterial insufficiency
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COPD/smoking pneumonia
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Moraxella catarrhalis
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Cotton wool spots
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Hypertensive retinopathy
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Curschmann's spirals
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Asthma
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Cyanosis around infant's lips
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Pertussis
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Decreased DLCO
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Obstructive lung disease (emphysema), parenchymal disease, pulmonary vascular disease, anemia
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Decreased or absent P2
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Increased AP diameter with aging, pulmonic stenosis
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Decreased to absent breath sounds
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Atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, COPD
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Decreased to absent tactile fremitus
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Atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, COPD, asthma
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Decreased/absent A2 in R 2nd interspace
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Aortic stenosis
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Delayed carotid upstroke
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Aortic stenosis
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Diamond/crescendo decrescendo murmur
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Aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, Tetralogy of Fallot
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Diastolic murmur
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Aortic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, pulmonic regurg, tricuspid stenosis
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Difficulty feeding
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Bronchiolitis
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Diffuse infiltrates w/pneumonia
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Viral
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Diffuse ST changes
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Pericarditis
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Diminished S1
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1st deg heart block, mitral regurgitation, CHF, CHD
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Dressler's syndrome
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Secondary pericarditis, generally post MI, is autoimmune
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Drooling
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Epiglottitis
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Dull to percussion
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Consolidation, Atelectasis, pleural effusion
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Duroziez's sign (bruit in femoral artery with compression by stethoscope)
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Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation
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Early inspiratory crackles
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Chronic bronchitis, asthma
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Ebstein's anomaly
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Tricuspid flaps fused to inside of right ventricle; creates constant opening between atrium & ventricle
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Egg on a string
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Transposition of great arteries
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Eggshell pattern around hilar nodes
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Silicosis
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Egophony
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage
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Eisenmenger's syndrome
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Bidirectional flow of ASD/VSD
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Electrical alternans
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Cardiac tamponade
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Erythema marginatum
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Rheumatic fever
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Erythema nodosum
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Sarcoidosis
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Expiratory crackles
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Bronchiectasis
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Exposure to bats
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Histoplasma
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Exposure to birds
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Cryptococcus, chlamydia psittaci
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Exudate
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bacterial pneumonia, malignancy, viral infection, pulmonary embolism
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Femoral systolic pressure >40 increase over brachial artery (Hill's sign)
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Aortic regurgitation
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FEV1/FVC decreased, TLC normal
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Chronic bronchitis
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FEV1/FVC ratio normal or increased; FEV1 and FVC decreased
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Restrictive lung disease
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FEVI/FVC ratio decreased, TLC increased
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Emphysema
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Fixed split S2
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Atrial septal defect, right ventricular failure
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Flame hemorrhage
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Hypertensive retinopathy
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Foul smelling sputum
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Aspiration pneumonia, bronchiectasis, lung abscess
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Funnel chest
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Pectus excavatum (depression of lower sternum, may cause murmurs)
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FVC low, TLC normal
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Pseudorestrictive pattern
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Gag reflex
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Cranial nerves 9 and 10
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Giant cell arteritis
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Vasculitis of temporal artery
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Glossopharyngeal
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Cranial nerve 9
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Glue ear
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Severe otitis media with effusion
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Ground glass on chest xray
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PCP pneumonia
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Group A beta hemolytic strep
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Strep pyogenes/strep pharyngitis
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Hard exudates
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Hypertensive retinopathy
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Hemoptysis
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TB, bronchiectasis, bronchogenic carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, metastatic lung tumor, PE, later chronic bronchitis, lung abscess
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High pitched diastolic murmur
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Aortic regurgitation
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HIV w/pneumonia
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PCP (also s.pneumoniae!)
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Holosytolic murmur, intensity increased in inspiration
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Tricuspid regurgitation
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Honeycombing
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Bronchiectasis
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Hospital acquired pneumonia
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Pseudomonas, e. coli, Legionella, 35% anaerobes, 25% s. aureus
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Hot potato voice
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Peritonsillar abscess, epiglottitis
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Hyperresonant to percussion
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Pneumothorax (unilateral), COPD, asthma
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Hyperuricemia
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Pyrazinamide
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Hypoglossal
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CN 12
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Impending feeling of doom
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Pulmonary embolism
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Increased DLCO
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Asthma, pulmonary hemorrhage, polycythemia, Left to right shunt
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Increased intensity of A2 in R 2nd interspace
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Systemic hypertension
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Increased intensity of P2
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Pulmonary hypertension, dilated pulmonary artery, atrial septal defect
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Increased lung compliance
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Emphysema
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Increased residual volume and/or total lung capacity
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Obstructive lung disease
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Increased tactile fremitus
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage
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IV drug abuse
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Staph aureus
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Janeway lesions
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis
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Jaw claudication
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Giant cell arteritis
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Keratin pearls
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Kerley B lines
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CHF, pulmonary hypertension
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Kulchitsky cells
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Small cell carcinoma
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LACES
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Obstructive lung disease
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Large blue baby boy
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Transposition of great arteries
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Large jugular v waves
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Tricuspid regurgitation
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Late inspiratory crackles
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Interstitial lung disease (fibrosis), CHF
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Late systolic murmur
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Mitral regurgitation
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Levine's sign
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MI, angina (clenched fist in front of sternum)
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Lobar pneumonia
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Bacterial
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Long-lasting cough/fever/malaise
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Pertussis
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Loss of landmarks of TM
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Otitis media
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Low pitched rumbling decrescendo diastolic murmur
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Mitral stenosis
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Machine like murmur
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Mediastinal crunch (Hamman's sign)
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Crackles synchronous w/heart beat; mediastinal emphysema
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Midinspiratory crackles
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Bronchiectasis
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Midsystolic murmur
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Innocent murmur, Physiologic murmur, Aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pulmonic stenosis
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Most common source of epistaxis
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Little's area/Kiesselbach's plexus
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Murmur decreases with squatting, increases with standing & Valsalva
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Murmur heard best above right clavicle
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Jugular venous hum
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Murmur radiating to carotids
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Aortic stenosis
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Murmur radiating to left clavicle
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Patent ductus arteriosus
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Murmur radiating to left shoulder & neck
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Pulmonic stenosis
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Musical murmur
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Still's murmur
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Nasal polyps in child
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Cystic fibrosis
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No adventitious breath sounds with a barrel chest
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Emphysema
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Nonproductive cough
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Viral pneumonia, Coccidioidomycosis, beginning TB, flu, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, laryngitis, tracheobronchitis
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Normal DLCO w/obstructive pattern
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Chronic bronchitis
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Normal lung compliance w/obstructive pattern
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Chronic bronchitis
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Normal tactile fremitus
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Normal, chronic bronchitis, early left heart failure
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Numbness/tingling of hands/feet with dyspnea
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Anxiety
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Oat cell
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Small cell carcinoma
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Occlusion of abd aorta/iliac arteries
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Leriche's disease
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Opening snap
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Mitral stenosis
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Optic neuritis
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Ethambutol
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Orthopnea
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Left heart failure
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Osler's nodes
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis
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Ototoxicity
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Streptomycin
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Pain radiating to back
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Many, but think aortic dissection/aneurysm
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Pain with peripheral vascular disease
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Arterial insufficiency
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Pain with pressure on tragus or pulling of auricle
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Otitis externa
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PAINT
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Restrictive lung disease
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Pansystolic/holosystolic murmur
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Mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, VSD
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Papilloedema
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Hypertensive retinopathy
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Paradoxical movement of thorax
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Traumatic flail chest (multiple rib fractures)
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Paradoxical splitting of S2
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Aortic stenosis, LBBB
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Pathologic S3/ventricular gallop
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Over 40 - decreased LV compliance, CHF, mitral/tricuspid regurg
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Patient prefers sitting forward
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Pericarditis
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Patient's head bobbing (de Musset's sign)
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Aortic regurgitation
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Pericardial friction rub
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Pericarditis
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Physiologic S3
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Children, pregnancy, young adults
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Pigeon chest
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Pectus carinatum (sternum displaced anteriorly, costal cartilages depressed)
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Pink frothy sputum
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Pulmonary edema
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Pink puffer
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Emphysema
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Pleural rub
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Pleurisy, pleural effusion, pneumothorax
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Pleuritic pain
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Pneumonia, pneumothorax
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PND
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Left heart failure
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Pnematoceles
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Staph aureus
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Pneumonia in intubated/ventilated patient
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Pseudomonas, actinomyces, enterobacteriacae
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Poor dental hygiene
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Lung abscess, endocarditis
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Prior episode of impaired consciousness
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Lung abscess
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Productive cough
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Bacterial pneumonia, histoplasmosis, later TB, COPD, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, cor pulmonale, pneumoconiosis
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Prominent jugular a wave
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Mitral stenosis
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Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
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Left atrial pressure
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Pulsatile mass
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Aneurysm
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Pulsus paradoxus
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Cardiac tamponade
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Purulent sputum
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Bronchiectasis, aspiration pneumonia, later chronic bronchitis, lung abscess
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Quick rising carotid pulse
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Quincke's pulses (pulsatile nail beds)
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Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation
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Radiation to left axilla
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Mitral process
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Ranula
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Large mucocele on floor of mouth
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Red-green vision color changes
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Ethambutol
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Red-orange urine
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Rifampin
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Resonant to percussion
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Normal, chronic bronchitis, early left heart failure
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Respiratory acidosis
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Obstructive lung disease
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Respiratory alkalosis
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Hyperventilation (Anxiety)
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Reticulonodular
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Sarcoidosis
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Retraction pockets
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Chronic otitis media
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Rheumatoid arthritis w/coal workers' lung
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Caplan's syndrome
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Rhonchi
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Secretions in larger airways - chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma
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Ripping, tearing anterior chest/back/abd pain
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Dissecting aortic aneurysm
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Roth's spots on funduscopic exam
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Bacterial endocarditis
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S4, left sided
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Trained athletes, older adults, increased ventricular stiffness, hypertensive heart dz, CAD, aortic stenosis, cardiomyopathy
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S4, right sided
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Pulmonary HTN, pulmonic stenosis
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Sawtooth pattern
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Atrial flutter
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Scant mucoid sputum
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COPD, postnasal drip, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis
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Scooped FV loop
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Obstructive lung disease
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Sharp, knifelike pulmonary pain
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Pleuritic pain
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Shifted trachea away from involved side
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Large pleural effusion, tension pneumothorax
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Shifted trachea toward involved side
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Atelectasis
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Signet ring sign
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Bronchiectasis
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Silent chest
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Obstructive lung disease - ominous, needs immediate attention
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Smoking history with arterial insufficiency symptoms
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Thromboangiitis obliterans
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Solitary ethmoid sinusitis in child
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Cystic fibrosis
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Sore throat but NO cough
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Pharyngitis
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Splinter hemorrhages
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis
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Split S1
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normal variant, RBBB, PVC
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Squatting decreases murmur
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Mitral valve prolapse, HOCM
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Squatting increases murmur
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Aortic stenosis
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Steeple sign
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Croup
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Sticky, red jellylike, currant jelly sputum
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Klebsiella pneumonia
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Stridor
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Entirely or predominantly inspiratory; Partial obstruction of larynx or trachea, needs immediate attention
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Stridor w/barking cough
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Croup, consider intubation
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Systolic click
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Mitral valve prolapse
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Systolic dysfunction
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Dilated cardiomyopathy
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Tachycardia, tachypnea, dyspnea
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Pulmonary embolism
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Tenacious sputum
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Cystic fibrosis
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Tet spells
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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Thumbprint sign on xray
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Epiglottitis
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Tracheal tug
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Aortic arch aneurysm
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Transudate
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left-sided heart failure, pulmonary embolism, and cirrhosis
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Tripod position
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Epiglottitis
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Trismus
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Peritonsillar abscess
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Unresolving unilateral otitis media effusion in adult
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
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Vagus nerve
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Cranial nerve 10
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Varying intensity of S1
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Complete heart block, afib
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Vegetations on valves
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Bacterial endocarditis
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Velcro rales
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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Ventilation without perfusion
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Pulmonary embolism
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Vesicular breath sounds
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Normal lung
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Virchow's triad
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Venous stasis, endothelial injury, hypercoagulable state
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Warm skin w/peripheral vascular disease
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Venous insufficiency
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Wharton's duct
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Opening to submandibular gland
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Wheezing
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Left heart failure, chronic bronchitis, asthma, GERD, CHF
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Wheezing, persistent localized
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Partial obstruction of bronchus - tumor, foreign body
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Whispered pectoriloquy
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Airless lung, as in lobar pneumonia (consolidation), pulmonary edema, hemorrhage
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Whooping cough
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Pertussis
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Wide splitting of S2
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pulmonic stenosis, RBBB, mitral regurgitation
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TB Treatment
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RIPE - Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
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Stroke volume
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Preload, afterload, contractility
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Collapsing pulse, water hammer
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Corrigan's pulse (Aortic regurgitation)
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Bobbing head
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De Musset's sign
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U waves
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Hypokalemia
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T waves
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Hyperkalemia
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