Chabner Terminology Ch 10

Front 1

abdomin/o

Back 1

abdomen, abdominal cavity

Front 2

an/o

Back 2

anus

Front 3

appendi/o

Back 3

appendix

Front 4

appendic/o

Back 4

appendix

Front 5

bil/i

Back 5

bile

Front 6

cec/o

Back 6

blind intestine, cecum

Front 7

chol/e

Back 7

bile, gall

Front 8

choledoch/o

Back 8

common bile duct

Front 9

col/o, colon/o

Back 9

colon

Front 10

cyst/o

Back 10

bladder

Front 11

dent/o

Back 11

teeth

Front 12

duoden/o

Back 12

twelve, duodenum

Front 13

enter/o

Back 13

small intestine

Front 14

esophag/o

Back 14

gullet, esophagus

Front 15

gastr/o

Back 15

stomach

Front 16

gingiv/o

Back 16

gums

Front 17

gloss/o

Back 17

tongue

Front 18

hepat/o

Back 18

liver

Front 19

ile/o

Back 19

to roll, ileum

Front 20

jejun/o

Back 20

empty, jejunum

Front 21

lingu/o

Back 21

tongue

Front 22

or/o

Back 22

mouth

Front 23

pancreat/o

Back 23

sweetbread, pancreas

Front 24

peps/o, pept/o

Back 24

digestion

Front 25

periton/o

Back 25

stretch over, peritoneum

Front 26

proct/o

Back 26

rectum or anus

Front 27

pylor/o

Back 27

pylorus

Front 28

rect/o

Back 28

rectum

Front 29

sial/o

Back 29

saliva

Front 30

sigm/o

Back 30

the letter S, sigmoid colon

Front 31

stomat/o

Back 31

mouth

Front 32

abdominocentesis

Back 32

surgical puncture through the abdominal wall to remove fluid, also known as paracentesis

Front 33

anorexia nervosa

Back 33

emotional eating disorder in which pt avoids food due to a compulsion to become thin in appearance

Front 34

antacid

Back 34

an agent that reduces the acidity of the stomach cavity

Front 35

antiemetic

Back 35

a drug that prevents or stops the vomiting reflex

Front 36

antispasmodic

Back 36

a drug that reduces peristalsis activity in the GI tract

Front 37

aphagia

Back 37

inability to swallow, literally "without eating"

Front 38

appendectomy

Back 38

surgical removal of the appendix

Front 39

appendicitis

Back 39

inflammation of the appendix

Front 40

ascites

Back 40

an acumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity that produces an enlarged abdomen

Front 41

bulimia

Back 41

eating disorder involving repeated gorging with food followed by induced vomiting or laxative abuse

Front 42

cathartic

Back 42

an agent that stimulates strong waves of peristalsis of the colon

Front 43

cheilitis

Back 43

inflammation of the lip

Front 44

cheilorrhaphy

Back 44

procedure of suturing a lip

Front 45

cholecystectomy

Back 45

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Front 46

cholecystitis

Back 46

inflammation of the gallbladder; usually caused by gallstones lodged within it

Front 47

cholecystography

Back 47

procedure of producing an X-ray image, or cholecystogram of the gallbladder

Front 48

choledochitis

Back 48

presence of stones within the common bile duct causing inflammation

Front 49

choledocholithotomy

Back 49

surgery that involves the removal of one or more obstructive gallstones from the common bile duct

Front 50

cholelithiasis

Back 50

generalized condition of stones lodged within the gallbladder or bile ducts

Front 51

cirrhosis

Back 51

chronic, progressive liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells and their replacement by fat and other forms of connective tissue

Front 52

cleft palate

Back 52

a congenital defect in which the bones supporting the roof of the mouth, or hard palate, fail to fuse during fetal development, leaving a space between the oral cavity and nasal cavity

Front 53

colectomy

Back 53

surgical removal of a segment of the colon

Front 54

colitis

Back 54

inflammation of the colon; if chronic bleeding of the colon wall produces bloody diarrhea, the condition is called ulcerative colitis

Front 55

colorectal cancer

Back 55

cancer of the colon and the rectum often arises as a polyp becomes an aggressive, metastatic tumor

Front 56

colostomy

Back 56

surgical creation of an opening in the colon to serve as an artificial anus

Front 57

constipation

Back 57

infrequent or incomplete bowel movements

Front 58

Crohn's disease

Back 58

chronic inflammation of any part of the GI tract that involves ulcerations, scar tissue formation, and thickening adhesions of the organ wall, also known as regional ileitis

Front 59

diarrhea

Back 59

frequent discharge of watery fecal matter

Front 60

diverticulosis

Back 60

presence of small pouches called diverticula on the wall of the colon, often without symptoms or with mild bowel discomfort

Front 61

duodenal ulcer

Back 61

ulcer, or erosion, in the wall of the duodenum of the small intestine

Front 62

dysentery

Back 62

acute inflammation of the GI tract that is caused by bacteria, protozoa, or chemical irritants

Front 63

dyspepsia

Back 63

commonly called indigestion, it is accompanied by stomach or esophageal pain or discomfort

Front 64

dysphagia

Back 64

difficulty in swallowing

Front 65

enteritis

Back 65

inflammation of the small or large intestine .

Front 66

esophagitis

Back 66

inflammation of the eophagus often caused by acid reflux

Front 67

fecal occult blood test

Back 67

clinical lab test performed to detect blood in the feces, abbreviated FOBT

Front 68

flatus

Back 68

presence of gas, or air, in the GI tract

Front 69

food-borne illness

Back 69

ingestion of food contaminated with harmful bacteria can cause symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting; Clostridium botulinum causes food-borne illness known as botulism

Front 70

gastrectasis

Back 70

abnormal stretching of the stomach

Front 71

gastrectomy

Back 71

surgical removal of part of the stomach or, in extreme cases, the entire organ

Front 72

gastric cancer

Back 72

an aggressive, metastatic cancer arising from cells lining the stomach, commonly known as stomach cancer

Front 73

gastric lavage

Back 73

cleansing procedure in which the stomach is irrigated with a prescribed solution

Front 74

gastric ulcer

Back 74

ulcer, or erosion, in the wall of the stomach

Front 75

gastritis

Back 75

inflammation of the stomach

Front 76

gastrodynia

Back 76

symptom of stomach pain, also known as gastralgia

Front 77

gastroenteritis

Back 77

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

Front 78

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Back 78

recurring reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus in a condition that is abbreviated GERD

Front 79

gastromalacia

Back 79

softening of the stomach wall

Front 80

gavage

Back 80

process of feeding a pt through a tube inserted into the nose that extends through the eophagus to enter the stomach

Front 81

giardiasis

Back 81

infection by the intestinal protozoa Giardia intestinalis or Giardia lamblia produces symptoms of diarrhea, cramps, nausea, and vomiting

Front 82

GI endoscopy

Back 82

visual examination of the GI tract made possible by the use of an edoscope

Front 83

GI series

Back 83

diagnostic techniques that provide radiographic examination of the GI tract, usually by means of barium swallow, barium shake, or barium meal (upper GI), or barium enema (BE) (lower GI)

Front 84

gingivectomy

Back 84

surgical removal of diseased tissue in the gums or gingiva

Front 85

gingivitis

Back 85

inflammation of the gums, or gingiva

Front 86

glossitis

Back 86

inflammation of the tongue often caused by exposure to allergens, toxic substances, or extreme heat or cold

Front 87

glossorrhaphy

Back 87

repair of the tongue

Front 88

halitosis

Back 88

condition of bad breath

Front 89

hematemesis

Back 89

vomiting blood, a sign of severe digestive disorder

Front 90

hemorrhoidectomy

Back 90

surgical removal of hemorrhoids

Front 91

hemorrhoids

Back 91

varicose, or swollen, condition of the veins in the anus that produces painful swellings that may break open and bleed

Front 92

hepatitis

Back 92

viral-induced inflammation of the liver; the five known forms are categorized with the letters A through E

Front 93

hepatomoa

Back 93

tumor arising from cells within the liver; also called hepatocellular carcinoma, or HCC

Front 94

hepatomegaly

Back 94

abnormal enlargement of the liver

Front 95

hiatal hernia

Back 95

protrusion of the cardiac portion of the stomach through the hiatus of the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity

Front 96

ileostomy

Back 96

surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall and into the ileum of the small intestine to establish an alternative anus for the passage of feces

Front 97

inflammatory bowel disease

Back 97

general term that includes the conditions ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, abbreviated IBD

Front 98

intussusception

Back 98

condition of infolding of a segment of the small intestine within another segment

Front 99

irritable bowel syndrome

Back 99

chronic disease characterized by periodic disurbances of large intestinal (bowel) function without clear physical damage, abbreviate IBS

Front 100

jaundice

Back 100

yellowish-orange coloration of the skin, sclera of the eyes, and deeper tissues that is a collective sign of liver disease

Front 101

lactose intolerance

Back 101

lack of an enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down lactose, the primary sugar in milk and milk products

Front 102

laparotomy

Back 102

surgical procedure that involves an incision through the abdominal wall, often from the base of the sternum to the pubic bone

Front 103

malabsorption syndrome

Back 103

disorder that is charcterized by difficulty in absorbing one or more nutrients

Front 104

nausea

Back 104

symptom of dizziness that includes an urge to vomit; when accompanied by vomiting, it is abbreviated N&V

Front 105

pancreatitis

Back 105

inflammation of the pancreas

Front 106

oaritutus

Back 106

inflammation of one or both parotid glands; if caused by a virus, it is usually referred to as mumps

Front 107

peptic ulcer

Back 107

erosion into the inner wall of an organ along the GI tract

Front 108

peritonitis

Back 108

inflammation of the extensive membrane that lines the inner wall of the abdominopelvic cavity and covers most of its organs

Front 109

polypectomy

Back 109

surgical removal of polyps

Front 110

polyposis

Back 110

condition of polyps, usually occurring in the colon or rectum of the large intestine, where it increases the risk of colonectal cancer

Front 111

proctitis

Back 111

inflammation of the anus, and usually the rectum as well

Front 112

proctoptosis

Back 112

prolapse of the rectum

Front 113

pyloroplasty

Back 113

surgical repair of the pylorus region of the stomach, which may include repair of the pyloric valve

Front 114

reflux

Back 114

backward flow of material in the GI tract or regurgitation

Front 115

steatorrhea

Back 115

abnormal levels of fat in the feces literally "discharge of fat"

Front 116

stool culture and sensitivity

Back 116

test that includes obtaining stool (fecal) samples, using the samples to grow microorganisms in culture, and identifying the microorganisms abbreviated SCS

Front 117

vagotomy

Back 117

surgical dissection of branches of the vagus nerve

Front 118

volvulus

Back 118

severe twisting of the intestine that leads to obstruction

Front 119

flux/o

Back 119

flow

Front 120

halit/o

Back 120

breath

Front 121

hemat/o

Back 121

blood

Front 122

pept/o

Back 122

digestion

Front 123

phag/o

Back 123

eat, swalow

Front 124

steat/o

Back 124

fat

Front 125

-algia

Back 125

condition of pain

Front 126

-dynia

Back 126

pain

Front 127

-emesis

Back 127

vomiting

Front 128

-emia

Back 128

condition of blood

Front 129

-ia

Back 129

condition of

Front 130

-megaly

Back 130

abnormally large

Front 131

-osis

Back 131

condition of

Front 132

-rrhea

Back 132

excessive discharge

Front 133

a-

Back 133

without or absence of

Front 134

dia-

Back 134

through

Front 135

dys-

Back 135

bad, abnormal, painful, difficult

Front 136

re-

Back 136

back

Front 137

aden/o

Back 137

gland

Front 138

cheil/o

Back 138

lip

Front 139

choledoch/oenter/o

Back 139

common bile ductsmall intestine

Front 140

cirrh/o

Back 140

orange

Front 141

diverticul/o

Back 141

diverticulum

Front 142

hem/o

Back 142

blood

Front 143

lip/o

Back 143

fat

Front 144

lith/o

Back 144

stone

Front 145

orex/o

Back 145

appetite

Front 146

-malacia

Back 146

softening

Front 147

-oid

Back 147

resembling

Front 148

-oma

Back 148

tumor

Front 149

acid/o

Back 149

a solution or substance with a pH less than 7

Front 150

append/o

Back 150

appendix

Front 151

cheil/o

Back 151

lip

Front 152

cholecyst/o

Back 152

gallbladder

Front 153

fec/o

Back 153

feces

Front 154

lapar/o

Back 154

abdomen

Front 155

nas/o

Back 155

nose

Front 156

polyp/o

Back 156

small growth

Front 157

pylor/o

Back 157

pylorus

Front 158

vag/o

Back 158

vagus nerve