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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacterial
Nuchal Rigidity Decrease Glucose in CSF Cloudy CSF HA |
Bacterial Meningitis
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Cancer of plasma cells that over run bone marrow
Recurrent infx Bleeding tendencies Treatment: Chemo |
Multiple Myeloma
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Severe bone infx
Most commonly caused by staph Don't treat with heat Takes long term tx which may include bone grafts |
Osteomyelitis
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Results from a bacterial infection of the bladder
S/S chills, tenderness when kidney area palpated Tx: antibiotics, 2-3 L fluids |
Pyelonephritis
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Increased Uric acid production or excretion by kidneys
Increased intake of purines Recurrent arthritis type attack Tx: avoid liver, wine, beer, goose, sardines, venison |
Gout
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Inflammatory bowel disease
Genetic Chronic Avoid eating roughage |
Crohn's disease
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Degeneration of liver cells
ETOH abuse main cause Increased Ammonia/Clotting factors Tx: Vit B, no ETOH, minimize ASA, NSAIDS |
Liver Cirrhosis
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Pt produces enough insulin to prevent DKA but has severe hyperglycemia
Tx: Insulin drip, O2 |
HHNS Hyperglycemic nonketonic syndrome
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Chromosomal abnormality #21
Occurs more frequently in older preg women Increased risk of resp infection Increased D.D. |
Down's syndrome
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Basal ganglia disease
Triad of s/s: Bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor Lack of Dopamine |
Parkinson's
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Presence of lining of uterus outside of uterus
Very painful May require surgery to remove implants |
Endometriosis
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Inflammation of connective tissue
+RF factor Effects small joints Increased ESR and c-reactive protein Genetic TX:methotrexate DMARD |
Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Inflammation of the liver w/viral cause
Spread through fecal(poop)/oral route Increase calories/protein/carbs Low fat diet |
Hepatitis A
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Antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors
S/S fluctuating weakness of skeletal muscles, eyelids, chewing, swallowing, speaking Dx: finding of Ach antibodies Tensilon test |
Myasthenia Gravis
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Nonprogressive encepholopathy
Movement disorder Causes: Rh/ABO incompatibility, rubella, anoxia at birth |
Cerebral Palsy
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Removal of blood plasma to clean up antibodies
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Plasmapharesis
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Chronic multisystem inlammatory disease
Butterfly rash Autoimmune Genetic Many organ involvement Sunburn easily 50% w/renal problems |
Lupus
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Wkness anemia, ulcers
Inadequate Vit C Affected sailors |
Scurvey
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Incompetent LES pyloric sphincter
Pyrosis Avoid smoking/milk products Worse w/chocolate, ETOH Increase protein/reduce fat Nissan Surgery |
GERD
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Autoimmune
follows untreated strep infx inflammatory condition in kidney |
Glomerylonephritis
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Absence of ganglion cells in rectum
Delayed passage/absence meconium Possible colostomy |
Hirschprung's disease
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Follows viral infection
PNS Weakness of lower extremities Can cause respiratory distress CSF Inc protein in 7-10 days Plasma exchange |
Guillian Barre
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Esophagus terminates before it reaches the stomach
Risk- Aspiration, hx of polyhydramnios |
Esophageal Atresia
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Paralytic, and potentially fatal
N/V/D Avoid improper canned foods |
Botulism
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Gestational trophoblastic disease
Abnormal development of trophoblasts Larger than expected uterus Inc hcg levels Tx- evacuation Long term cancer risk DO NOT get pregnant for >1 year |
Hydratiform Mole
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Genetic
Cysts on kidneys Scarring results in end stage renal disease Dialysis or transplant |
Polycystic Kidney Disease
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Missing enzyme that converts galactose to glucose
Tx- eliminate milk and lactase containing products Can cause DD, cataracts, liver damage |
Galactosemia
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Viral RNA changes to viral DNA due to reverse transcriptions
Lowers T cell counts Opportunistic infection common Treated with AZT |
AIDS
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Genetic, GI mucosal changes
N/V/D, growth failure Gluten free diet (wheat, barley, rye) Corticosteroids to decrease swelling of stomach mucosa |
Celiac Disease
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Acute encephalopathy
Inc ammonia levels due to liver problems Aspirin use in Children |
Reye's Syndrome
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Widespread nonarticular musculoskeletal pain
Tender points - 11 out of 18 Dec sugar, ETOH, caffeine Muscle relaxers Chronic |
Fibromyalgia
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Needs decreased protein diet
Newborns tested during the 1st week Cannot break down phenylaline Lifelong management DD |
PKU
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Decreased ACH and GABA
Increased Dopamine Chorea 4000-5000 calories/day Autosomal Dominant Chromosome 4 Average age 30-50 |
Huntington's Disease
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Deer rick
Mimics MS, meningitis Erythema migran lesion Long term : Arthritis, Facial paralysis |
Lyme's Disease
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Opening underside of penis
No circumcision prior to surgery |
Hypospadias
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Bone disorder - inadequate Vit D
Spongy bones Egg, fish,veggies Skeletal, FX |
Osteomalacia or Rickets
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Demyelination of nerve fibers
Remissions/exacerbations Blurred vision/fatigue, weakness, tinnitus More prevalent in midwest/certain climates |
Multiple Sclerosis
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Loss of motor neurons brainstem/spinal cord
Men 2:1 Cognitively intact Dysarthria, dysphagia Respiratory complications |
ALS
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Inflammation of the gallbladder
Pain in RUQ Decrease fat/calories Increase liquids/light meals |
Cholecystitis
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Inflammatory disease that affects axial skeleton
Dense fibrous scars Low back pain Limited ROM |
Ankylosing Spondylitis
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Decrease Ach and norephinephrine, seretonin
Loss of white matter (cortex) Progressive irreversible cognitive decline Most common dementia |
Alzheimers
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Increased PSA
Not due to BPH 1 in 5 men develop Slow growing - no early symptoms |
Prostate Cancer
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Inflammation /Ulceration of colon and rectum
Rectal mucosa edematous Abscesses develop Bloody D, 10-12/day Decrease roughage in diet, IV fluids, electrolytes |
Ulcerative Colitis
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Portion of stomach herniates into esophagus
No ETOH or smoking GERD Inc carbs, Dec fat Inc fluids with meals Small frequent meals |
Hiatal hernia
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Clostridium tetani - Anaerobic bacilli
Spores in soil, garden, mold Animal bites, Dental infection Booster every 10 years Repeat if injured every 5 years |
Tetanus
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Inc in amniotic fluid
Causes: Esophageal Atresia Gestational Diabetes Danger preterm labor, Check NB |
Polyhydramnios
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Often follows viral infection
CN 7 Takes months to go away Eye drops Can reoccur |
Bells Palsy
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