Ch.9 Cardiovascular System

Front 1

aorta

Back 1

The alrgest artery. It recieves blood from the left ventricle and branches to all parts of the body

Front 2

aortic valve

Back 2

the valve at the eneterance to the aorta

Front 3

apex

Back 3

the point of a cone-shaped structure . The apex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle and is pointed towards the inferior and left

Front 4

artery

Back 4

a vessel that carries blood from the arteries into the capillaries

Front 5

atrioventricular node ( AV) node

Back 5

a small mass in the lower septum of the right atrium that passes impulses from the sinoatrial node twoard the ventricles

Front 6

atrioventricular (AV) valve

Back 6

a valve between the atrium and ventricle on the right and left sides of the heart, The right AV valve is the tricusped valve; the left is the mitral valve

Front 7

atrium

Back 7

an entrance chamber, one of the two upper receiving chambers of the heart

Front 8

AV bundle

Back 8

a band of fibers that transmits impulses from the artioventricular(AV) node to the top of the interventricular septum. It divides into the right and left bundle of branches, which desend along the two sides of the septum

Front 9

blood pressure

Back 9

the force exerted by the blood against the wall of a vessel

Front 10

bundle branches

Back 10

branches of the AV bundle that divide to the right and left sides of the interventricular septum

Front 11

capillary

Back 11

a microscopic blood vessel through which material is exchanged between the blood and the tissues

Front 12

cardiovascular system

Back 12

the part of the circulatroy system that consists of the heart and blood vessels

Front 13

depolarization

Back 13

a change in electrical charge from the resting state in nerves or muscles

Front 14

diastole

Back 14

the relaxation phase of the heartbeat cycle

Front 15

electrocardiography(ECG)

Back 15

study of the electrical activity of the heart as detected by electrodes(leads) placed on the surface of the body.

Front 16

endocardium

Back 16

the thin membrane the lines the chambers of the heart and covers the valves

Front 17

epicardium

Back 17

the thin outermost layer of the heart wall

Front 18

functional murmur

Back 18

any sound produced as the heart functions normally

Front 19

heart

Back 19

the muscular organ with four chambers that contracts rhythmically to propel blood through vessels to all parts of the body

Front 20

heart rate

Back 20

the number of times the heart contracts per minute

Front 21

heart sounds

Back 21

sounds produced as the heart functions. The two loudest sounds are produced by alternate closing of the valves and are designated S1 and S2

Front 22

inferior vena cava

Back 22

the large inferior vein that brings blood low in oxygen back to the right atrium of the heart from the lower body

Front 23

left AV valve

Back 23

the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; the mitral valve or bicuspid valve

Front 24

myocardium

Back 24

the thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle

Front 25

pericardium

Back 25

the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

Front 26

pulmonary artery

Back 26

the vessel that carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs

Front 27

pulmonary circuit

Back 27

the system of vessels that carries blood from the right side of theheart to the lungs to be oxygenated and then back to the left side of the heart

Front 28

pulmonary veins

Back 28

the vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the left side of teh heart

Front 29

pulmonary valve

Back 29

the valve at the entrance to the pulmonary artery

Front 30

pulse

Back 30

the wave of increased pressure produced in the vessels each time the ventricles contract

Front 31

purkinje fibers

Back 31

the terminal fibers of the cardiac conducting system. They carry impulses through the walls of the ventricles

Front 32

repolarization

Back 32

a return of elcetrical charge to the resting stage in nerves or muscles

Front 33

right AV valve

Back 33

the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle; the tricuspid valve

Front 34

septum

Back 34

a wall dividing two cavities, such as two chambers of the eart

Front 35

sinus rhythm

Back 35

normal heart rhythm

Front 36

sinoatrial (SA) node

Back 36

a small mass int he upper part of the right atrium that initiates the impulse for each heartbeat

Front 37

sphygmomanometer

Back 37

an instrument for determining arterial blood pressure; blood pressure cuff

Front 38

superior vena cava

Back 38

the large superior vein that brings blood low in oxygen back to the right atrium from the upper body

Front 39

systemic circuit

Back 39

the system of vessels that carries oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to all tissues except the lungs and returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart

Front 40

systole

Back 40

the contraction phase of the heartbeat cycle

Front 41

valve

Back 41

a structure that keeps fluid flowing in a forward direction

Front 42

vein

Back 42

a vessel that carries blood back to the heart. All except the pulmonary and umbilical veins carry blood low in oxygen

Front 43

ventricle

Back 43

a small cavity. One of the two lower pumping chambers of the heart

Front 44

venule

Back 44

a small vessel that carries blood from the capillaries to the veins

Front 45

vessel

Back 45

a tube or duct to transport fluid