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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
arteriole
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small artery
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bowman capsule
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cup-shaped capsule surrounding each glomerulus.
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calyx or calix
(plural: calyces or calices) |
cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis.
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catheter
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tube for injecting or removing fluids.
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cortex
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outer region of the kidney.
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creatinine
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waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.
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electrolyte
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a chemical that carries and electrical charge in a solution; potassium, sodium.
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erythropoietin
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a hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells.
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filtration
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passive process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter or other material.
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glomerulus
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tiny balls of capillaries in the cortex of the kidney.
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hilum
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part of an organ where vessels and nerves enter and leave.
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kidney
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one of two bean-shaped organs located behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region.
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meatus
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opening or canal
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medulla
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inner region; the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney.
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micturition
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urination; the act of voiding.
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nephron
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the combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorbtion, and secretion take place in the kidney.
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nitrogenous waste
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substance containing nitrogen and excreted urine.
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potassium (K+)
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a salt (electrolyte) secreted from the bloodstream into the renal tubules to leave the body in urine.
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reabsorption
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when the renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream.
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renal artery
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carries blood to the kidney.
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renal pelvis
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central collecting region in the kidney.
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renal tubule
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microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration.
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renal vein
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carries blood away from the kidney
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renin
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-an enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney.
-increases blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction. |
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sodium (Na+)
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a salt (electrolyte) regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys.
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trigone
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triangular area in the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits.
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urea
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major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine.
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ureter
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tube leading from each kidney to the bladder.
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urethra
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tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body.
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uric acid
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nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine.
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urinary bladder
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sac that holds urine.
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urination
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process of expelling urine; also called micturition.
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voiding
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emptying of urine from the urinary bladder; urination or micturition.
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cali/o
calic/o |
calyx (calix)
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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glomerul/o
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glomerulus
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meat/o
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meatus
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pyel/o
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renal pelvis
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trigon/o
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trigone
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ureter/o
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ureter
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urethr/o
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urethra
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vesic/o
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urinary bladder
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albumin/o
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albumin (protein in the blood)
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azot/o
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nitrogen
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bacteri/o
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bacteria
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dips/o
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thirst
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poly-
|
many; much
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ket/o
keton/o |
ketone bodies
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lith/o
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stone
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noct/i
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night
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olig/o
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scanty
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-poietin
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substance that forms.
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py/o
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pus
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-tripsy
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to crush
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ur/o
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urine (urea)
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urin/o
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urine
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-uria
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urination; urine condition
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Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
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measurment of urea levels in blood.
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creatinine clearance test
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measures the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney.
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intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
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x-ray image of the kidneys and uterus after injection of a contrast into a vein.
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kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB)
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x-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.
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renal angiography
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x-ray examination (with contrast) of the vascular system (blood vessels) of the kidney.
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retrograde pyelogram (RP)
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x-ray images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder after injecting contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters.
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voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
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x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra while the patient is expelling urine.
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ultrasonography
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process of imaging urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves.
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radioisotope scan
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image of the kidney, after injecting into the bloodstream, a radioactive substance (isotope) that concentrates in the kidney.
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cystoscopy
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direct visual examination of the urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)
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dialysis
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process of sepatating nitrogenous waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function.
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extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
(ESWL) |
shock waves crush urinary tract stones, which then pass from the body in urine.
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renal angioplasty
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dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries.
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renal biopsy
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removal of kidney tissue with microscopic examination by a pathologist.
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renal transplantation
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surgical transfer of a complete kidney from a donor to a recipient.
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urinary catherization
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passage of a flexible tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder.
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ADH
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antidiuretic hormone; vasopressin
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ARF
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acute renal failure
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BILI
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bilirubin
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BUN
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blood urea nitrogen
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CAPD
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
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Cath
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catheter; catheterization
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CCPD
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continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis
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CKD
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chronic kidney disease
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CL-
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chloride
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CRF
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chronic renal failure; progressive loss of kidney function.
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cysto
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cystoscopic examination
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ESRD
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end-stage renal disease
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ESWL
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extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
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