Ch5

Front 1

Metabolism

Back 1

All chemical reactions that help keep an organism alive

Hint 1

Front 2

Byosynthesis

Back 2

The act of small organic molecules bonding together to make a bigger and more complex one

Hint 2

This can be done to make proteins me necleic acids for cell growth

Front 3

Decomposition

Back 3

Breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones

Hint 3

Front 4

Cell respiration

Back 4

When cells breakdown substances to get energy

Hint 4

Front 5

Aerobic

Back 5

The cells ability to do work with the use of exercise oxygen

Hint 5

Hard work outs

Carbs fats and proteins are needed

Front 6

Anarobic

Back 6

the cells ability to do work without the use of oxygen

Hint 6

Walking or stretching

Front 7

Formentation

Back 7

Turns sugars into acids or gases

Hint 7

This only occurs mostly in bacteria

Front 8

Glycolysis

Back 8

The oxidization of glucose to create a small amount of ATP by using some phosphate and ATP

Hint 8

This is the first stage in aerobic respiration

Front 9

Glucose

Back 9

A bonded molecule that contains energy for cells to do work

Hint 9

It's also called sugar

Front 10

Krebs cycle

Back 10

Two left over carbon molecules are left over from glycolysis and are completely oxidized to creat carbon dioxide

Hint 10

This allows some additional ATP to form while conserving some energy

This is the second stage in aerobic respiration

Front 11

NAD/NADH

Back 11

As glucose loses electrons it reduces to NAD. As hydrogen is released for, stages one and two of aerobic respiration, NAD is reduced to NADH.

Hint 11

Nicotine adenine dinucleotide

This is similar to the molecule NADP that is released in plants during photosynthesis

Also helps to reduce oxygen to make water this reaction creates some ATP

Front 12

FAD/FADH2

Back 12

During the Krebs cycle, some hydrogen reduces to FAD. When FAD bonds with two more hydrogen sulfide it turns into FAD2

Hint 12

Flavin adenine dinucleotide

Reduces oxygen to help create water. The energy released by doing this is used to make ATP

Front 13

Electron transport system

Back 13

A system of easily reduced and oxidized molecules

Hint 13

Front 14

ATP

Back 14

Energy able to be used by the cell to do work

Hint 14

A major carrier of energy for the cell

Front 15

Pyruvate

Back 15

An acid produced during the fourth step in glycolysis

Hint 15

Front 16

Lactate

Back 16

a three carbon atom produced by Pyruvate when enough oxygen isn't present

Hint 16

If oxygen isn't present for Pyruvate acid to bond with, then Pyruvate will be cycled back onto the glygolyisis cycle by reversing oxidization and turning it it into NAD and lactate.

Front 17

Lactic acid fermentation

Back 17

The cycle of Pyruvate continually being cycled back into the glycolysis cycle until enough oxygen is present

Hint 17

Front 18

Mitochondrion

Back 18

An organism in which the Krebs cycle takes place

Hint 18

Mitochondria is the power house of the cell it is litereally the only thing remember from science

Where most ATP is synthesized

Singular form

Front 19

Matrix

Back 19

The inside of the Cristae

Hint 19

Front 20

Cristae

Back 20

Folds inside of a mitochondrion

Hint 20

Enzymes are stored here that are used for the Krebs cycle

Front 21

Acetate

Back 21

Left over from a Pyruvate molecule

Hint 21

Two carbon organic acid also during the same step it reduces one NAD to NADP

Front 22

Citrate

Back 22

When acetyl CoA bonds to oxaloacetate it forms citrate

Hint 22

A six carbon acid

Front 23

coenzyme A/acetyl CoA

Back 23

When Coenzyme A (carrier) binds to acetate it forms acytyl COA

Hint 23

Carries acetate to the Krebs cycle within the mitochondria

Front 24

Cytochromes

Back 24

Easy to reduce amd oxidized molecules that are carried in the electron transport system

Hint 24

These proteins are emended in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

Front 25

Facultative aerobes

Back 25

A type of bacteria that can go long periods of time by using aerobic respiration or fermentation

Hint 25

Front 26

Obligate anaerobes

Back 26

Bacteria that are poisoned by oxygen. These bacteria can only create energy through fermentation or Anarobic respiration

Hint 26

These organisms are always bacteria

Front 27

Obligate aerobes

Back 27

Organisms that require oxygen in order to create ATP

Hint 27

These organisms are always animals and plants

Front 28

Oxidize

Back 28

Adding oxygen to a molecule to release energy

Hint 28

Front 29

Hydrolysis

Back 29

Instead of breaking a bond with water, a bond is broken by adding water

Hint 29

Front 30

Reduce

Back 30

When molecules gain electrons

Hint 30

Front 31

ATP synthase

Back 31

An important enzyme that is used to create ATP

Hint 31