Ch.4 Abdomen: 4.8 Small Intestine

Front 1

three parts of the small intestine:

Back 1

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Front 2

function of the small intestine:

Back 2

absorb and break down food

Front 3

What helps break down fat and through what process:

Back 3

bile, emulsification

Front 4

venous drainage for the intestinal track:

Back 4

inferior/superior mesenteric v. and splenic v.drain into the portal v. which carries blood to the liver for further break down if nutrients and protein production and then to the IVC

Front 5

What are the two types of contractions and what do they do the chyme?

Back 5

segmental: mixes and chops chyme further
propulsive/peristaltic: moves chyme forward

Front 6

How long does it take for food to get from pylorus of the stomach to ileoccecal valve?

Back 6

3-5 hours

Front 7

What are the layers of the intestinal wall from inner to outer:

Back 7

tunica mucosa, submucosa, tunica muscularis, serosa

Front 8

What are the three layers of the tunica mucosa?

Back 8

epithelium, lamina propia, muscularis mucosa

Front 9

What helps increase the surface area and absorption capacity of small intestines?

Back 9

villi and microvilli

Front 10

What increases the surface area by 1/3 and what produces this?

Back 10

kerckrings folds; mucosa and submucosa

Front 11

where are the crypts of lieberkuhn found?

Back 11

between the villi

Front 12

which gland is only found in the duodenum and what does it produce and why?

Back 12

brunners gland; alkaline solution; handle acidity of the chyme

Front 13

_________ cells are in crypts of lieberkuhn:

Back 13

paneth

Front 14

three features of paneth cells and their functions:

Back 14

lysozymes: bactercidial enyzymes
TNF-alpha: proinflammatory cytokine
cryptidins: permeability of bacteria

Front 15

where is peyers patches mainly located and what type of follicles are they?

Back 15

ileum; aggregated lymphoid follicles

Front 16

What is GALT and function of M cells

Back 16

gut-associated lymphatic tissue

transport antigen to macrophages and dendritic cells

also part of oral tolerance treatment for autoimmune diseases

Front 17

What do the K and L cells secrete?

Back 17

K:gastric inhibitory peptide
L:glucagonlike peptide-1

Hint 17

GIP, GLP-1

Front 18

examples of vitamins absorbed by small intestine:

Back 18

B12, iron, folic acid

Front 19

What percentage is absorbed by small intestine?

Back 19

80%

Front 20

How many parts are there to the duodenum and between what level is it?

Back 20

4; T12-L3

Front 21

features of the first part of duo.

Back 21

superior
T12-L1 level
anterior to portal v.and CBD
site for duodenal ulcers: duodenal cap

Front 22

features of the second duo.

Back 22

descending
lower level L3
has minor duo.papilla
major duo. papilla

Front 23

what are other names for MDPapilla?

Back 23

ampulla of vater, hepatopancreatic duct

Front 24

major duo.papilla is surrounded by:

Back 24

spinchter of oddi

Front 25

features of the 3rd duo.part

Back 25

horizontal
L3 level
anterior to IVC

Front 26

features of 4th duo.part

Back 26

ascending
crosses duodenojejunal flexure
L1-L2 level

Front 27

What do the I cells secrete and their functions?

Back 27

secrete CCK; induces gallbladder contraction and relaxes spinchter of oddi

Front 28

What do the S cells secrete and it's function?

Back 28

secrete secretin; response to high acidity and fat content

Front 29

other functions of the duodenum:

Back 29

inhibits gastric acid secretion, decreases H+ in small intestine, increases bile production

Front 30

which part of the duodenum is mobile?

Back 30

1 and 4th part

Front 31

clinical: what ligament is used to locate duodejejunal flexure in surgery?

Back 31

teritz ligament

Front 32

teritz ligament is also known as the:

Back 32

suspensory muscle

Front 33

blood supply to duodenum:

Back 33

superior pancreaticoduodenal a.
superior mesenteric a.
branches of celiac trunk

Hint 33

3

Front 34

What does the intrinsic nervous system control?

Back 34

sends info through digestive tract and controls secretion and motility of digestive tract

Front 35

sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve functions:

Back 35

sympathetic: contracts spinchter, inhibits parasympathetic actions
parasympathetic: gland secretion, peristalsis

Front 36

features of the jejunum?

Back 36

first 2/3, thicker vascular walls, more vasa recta, pink in person, absorption of many nutrients, upper left quadrant

Hint 36

6

Front 37

features of the ileum:

Back 37

3/5, lower right quadrant, thinner wall, less vasa recta, site of B12 absorption and recirculation of bile, pale pink

Front 38

How can you recognize meckels diverticulum?

Back 38

ileal outpocketing from the small intestine above the ileoccecal valve

Front 39

meckels diverticulum has what rule?

Back 39

rules of two

Front 40

meckels occurs when and caused by:

Back 40

occurs at birth, and enteron is stuck on the ileal when it was supposed to disappear

Front 41

symptoms of meckels:

Back 41

inflammation, ulceration, GI bleeding, and pain of appendicitis

Front 42

common diseases of the small intestine:

Back 42

malabsorption, bile salt deficiency, pancreatic disease, small bowel

Front 43

What are the symptoms of tropical sprue and where does it occur?

Back 43

malabsorption, chronic diarrhea, weight loss
people in southeast Asia, and Caribbean

Front 44

What is celiac disease?

Back 44

hypersensitivity to gluten causes inflammatory response in intestines; causes blunting and absence of villi

Front 45

symptoms of celiac disease:

Back 45

chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and flatulence

Front 46

What is typhoid fever caused by?

Back 46

salmonella contamination

Front 47

symptoms of typhoid fever:

Back 47

agitation, bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, high fever, sometimes a rash

Front 48

What kind of rash can you get with typhoid fever:

Back 48

rose spots

Front 49

whipples syndrome is common in:

Back 49

middle aged men