Ch30 Health Assessment Key Terms Nursing Fundamentals Bernardxb

Front 1

Adventitious breath sounds

Back 1

"abnormal breath sounds that occur when air passes through narrowed airways or airways filled with fluid or mucus, or when pleural linings are inflamed"

Front 2

Alopecia

Back 2

the loss of scalp hair (baldness) or body hair

Front 3

Angle of Louis

Back 3

the junction between the body of the sternum and the manubrium; the starting point for locating the ribs anteriorly

Front 4

Antihelix

Back 4

the anterior curve of the auricle's upper aspect

Front 5

Aphasia

Back 5

"any defects in or loss of the power to express oneself by speech, writing, or signs, or to comprehend spoken or written language due to disease or injury of the cerebral cortex"

Front 6

Astigmatism

Back 6

an uneven curvature of the cornea that prevents horizontal and vertical light rays from focusing on the retina

Front 7

Auricle

Back 7

flap of the ear

Front 8

Auscultation

Back 8

"the process of listening to sounds produced within the body, such as with the use of a stethoscope that amplifies sounds and conveys them to the nurse's ears"

Front 9

Blanch test

Back 9

a test during which the client's fingertip is temporarily pinched to assess capillary refill and peripheral circulation

Front 10

Bruit

Back 10

a blowing or swishing sound created by turbulence of blood flow

Front 11

Caries

Back 11

tooth cavities

Front 12

Cataract

Back 12

an opacity of the eye lens or its capsule that blocks light rays

Front 13

Cerumen

Back 13

earwax

Front 14

Clubbing

Back 14

elevation of the proximal aspect of the nail and softening of the nail bed

Front 15

Cochlea

Back 15

a seashell-shaped structure found in the inner ear; essential for sound transmission and hearing

Front 16

Conductive hearing loss

Back 16

the result of interrupted transmission of sound waves through the outer and middle ear structures

Front 17

Conjunctivitis

Back 17

inflammation of the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva

Front 18

Cyanosis

Back 18

a bluish tinge of skin color

Front 19

Dacryocystitis

Back 19

inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Front 20

Diastole

Back 20

"in measuring blood pressure, the period during which the ventricles relax"

Front 21

Dullness (of sound)

Back 21

"a thudlike sound produced by dense tissue such as the liver, spleen, or heart"

Front 22

Duration (of sound)

Back 22

Its length (long or short) during auscultation

Front 23

Edema

Back 23

"the presence of excess interstitial fluid in the body that makes skin appear swollen, shiny, and taut, and tends to blanch color"

Front 24

Erythema

Back 24

a redness tinge of skin color associated with a variety of skin rashes

Front 25

Eustachian tube

Back 25

the part of the middle ear that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx; stabilizes air pressure between the external atmosphere and the middle ear

Front 26

Exophthalmos

Back 26

"a protrusion of the eyeballs with elevation of the upper eyelids, resulting in a startled or staring expression"

Front 27

External auditory meatus

Back 27

the entrance to the ear canal

Front 28

Extinction

Back 28

the failure to perceive touch on one side of the body when two symmetric areas of the body are touched simultaneously

Front 29

Flatness (of sound)

Back 29

"an extremely dull sound produced, during percussion, by very dense tissue, such as muscle or bone"

Front 30

Gingivitis

Back 30

"red, swollen gingiva (gums)"

Front 31

Glaucoma

Back 31

a disturbance in the circulation of aqueous fluid that causes an increase in intraocular pressure

Front 32

Glossitis

Back 32

inflammation of the tongue

Front 33

Goniometer

Back 33

a handheld device used to measure the angle of a joint in degrees

Front 34

Helix

Back 34

the posterior curve of the auricle's upper aspect

Front 35

Hernia

Back 35

a protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening such as the abdominal or inguinal muscles

Front 36

Homans' sign

Back 36

pain in calf with passive dorsiflexion of the foot

Front 37

Hordeolum (sty)

Back 37

"redness, swelling, and tenderness of the hair follicle and glands that empty at the edge of the eyelids"

Front 38

Hyperopia

Back 38

farsightedness

Front 39

Hyperresonance

Back 39

an abnormal booming sound produced during percussion of the lungs

Front 40

Incus

Back 40

the anvil bone of the middle ear

Front 41

Inspection

Back 41

"visual examination, which is assessing by using the sense of sight"

Front 42

Intention tremor

Back 42

involuntary trembling when an individual attempts a voluntary movement

Front 43

Jaundice

Back 43

a yellowish tinge to skin color

Front 44

Lift

Back 44

an abnormal anterior movement of the chest related to enlargement of the right ventricle

Front 45

Lobule

Back 45

earlobe

Front 46

Malleus

Back 46

hammer bone of the middle ear

Front 47

Manubrium

Back 47

the handle-like superior part of the sternum that joins with the clavicles

Front 48

Mastoid

Back 48

a bony prominence behind the ear

Front 49

Miosis

Back 49

constricted pupils

Front 50

Mixed hearing loss

Back 50

a combination of conduction and sensorineural loss

Front 51

Mydriasis

Back 51

enlarged pupils

Front 52

Myopia

Back 52

nearsightedness

Front 53

Normocephalic

Back 53

normal head size

Front 54

Nystagmus

Back 54

rapid involuntary rhythmic eye movement

Front 55

One-point discrimination

Back 55

the ability to sense whether one or two areas of the skin are being stimulated by pressure

Front 56

Ossicles

Back 56

the three middle ear bones of sound transmission

Front 57

Otoscope

Back 57

an instrument used to view the ear

Front 58

Pallor

Back 58

paleness

Front 59

Palpation

Back 59

the examination of the body using the sense of touch

Front 60

Parotitis

Back 60

inflammation of the parotid salivary gland

Front 61

Percussion (in assessment)

Back 61

a method in which the body surface is struck to elicit sounds that can be heard or vibrations that can be felt

Front 62

Perfusion

Back 62

passage of blood constituents through the vessels of the circulatory system

Front 63

Periodontal disease

Back 63

disorder of the supporting structures of the teeth

Front 64

Pinna

Back 64

see Auricle

Front 65

Pitch

Back 65

the frequency (number of the vibrations per second) heard during auscultation

Front 66

Plaque

Back 66

"an invisible soft film consisting of bacteria, molecules of saliva, and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth"

Front 67

Pleximeter

Back 67

"in percussion, the middle finger of the dominant hand that is placed firmly on the client's skin"

Front 68

Plexor

Back 68

"in percussion, the middle finger of the nondominant hand or a percussion hammer used to strike the pleximeter"

Front 69

Precordium

Back 69

an area of the chest overlying the heart

Front 70

Presbyopia

Back 70

loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close objects as a result of the aging process

Front 71

Proprioceptors

Back 71

sensory receptors that are sensitive to movement and the position of the body

Front 72

Pyorrhea

Back 72

advanced periodontal disease in which teeth are loose and pus is evident when the gums are pressed

Front 73

Quality

Back 73

"a subjective description of an auscultated sound (e.g., whistling, gurgling, or snapping)"

Front 74

Reflex

Back 74

an automatic response of the body to a stimulus

Front 75

Resonance

Back 75

a hollow sound as produced by lungs filled with air during percussion

Front 76

Resting tremor

Back 76

a tremor that is apparent when the client is at rest and diminishes with activity

Front 77

S1

Back 77

the first heart sound; occurs when the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid) close

Front 78

S2

Back 78

the second heart sound; occurs when the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) close

Front 79

Semicircular canals

Back 79

in the inner ear; contain the organs of equilibrium

Front 80

Sensorineural hearing loss

Back 80

"the result of damage to the inner ear, the auditory nerve, or the hearing center in the brain"

Front 81

Sordes

Back 81

"accumulation of foul matter (food, microorganisms, and epithelial elements) on the teeth and gums"

Front 82

Stapes

Back 82

stirrups bone of the middle ear

Front 83

Stereognosis

Back 83

the ability to recognize objects by touching and manipulating them

Front 84

Sternum

Back 84

the breastbone

Front 85

Strabismus

Back 85

cross-eye

Front 86

Systole

Back 86

the period during which the ventricles contract

Front 87

Tartar

Back 87

"a visible, hard deposit of plaque and dead bacteria that forms at the gum lines"

Front 88

Thrill

Back 88

a vibrating sensation over a blood vessel that indicates turbulent blood flow

Front 89

Tragus

Back 89

the cartilaginous protrusion at the entrance to the ear canal

Front 90

Tremor

Back 90

an involuntary trembling of a limb or body part

Front 91

Triangular fossa

Back 91

a depression of the antihelix

Front 92

Two-point discrimination

Back 92

see One-point discrimination

Front 93

Tympanic membrane

Back 93

the eardrum

Front 94

Tympany

Back 94

a musical or drumlike sound produced during percussion over an air-filled stomach

Front 95

Vestibule

Back 95

contains the organs of equilibrium; found in the inner ear

Front 96

Visual acuity

Back 96

the degree of detail the eye can discern in an image

Front 97

Visual fields

Back 97

the area an individual can see when looking straight ahead

Front 98

Vitiligo

Back 98

"patches of hypopigmented skin, caused by the destruction of melanocytes in the area"