Ips Ch.3 Flashcards

Front 1

Dimension

Back 1

any measurable aspect of something

Front 2

Instrument

Back 2

any man-made device a scientist uses that includes the standard for masuring

Front 3

Graduated Scale

Back 3

mechanical instruments that display a numerical value

Front 4

Unit

Back 4

the name and size of a portion of a dimension that has a value of 1

Front 5

Quantitative Data

Back 5

numerical measurements (preferred kind of scientific data)

Front 6

Qualitative Data

Back 6

precise word descriptions (collected when they can only describe an observation,not measure it)

Front 7

Bias

Back 7

makes observers far less likely to misinterpret instrument measured quantitative data compared to qualitative data

Front 8

Decimal Metric System

Back 8

the "decimal" designation means that the units of each dimension and any other units based on these are related to powers of 10.The French metric system first contained two standards,the meter (m) for measuring length and the kilogram (kg) for measuring the quantity of matter

Front 9

Cubic Decimeter

Back 9

The French defined a kilogram as the mass of one cubic decimeter of water

Front 10

Standard Kilogram

Back 10

resides in the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) at Sevres,France,under carefully controlled environmental conditions

Front 11

SI

Back 11

abbreviation of Systeme International d'Unites

Front 12

Base Unit

Back 12

one defined by a set of measurable conditions that can be recreated in any properly equipped laboratory anywhere in the world (true of all but the kilogram)

Front 13

Derived Units

Back 13

combinations of the SI base units

Examples:liter (a unit of volume)

newton (unit of force)

joule (unit of energy and work)

Front 14

Unit Prefix

Back 14

a indicates the exponential factor needed to give the size unit you want.

Example:kilo (1000 or 10cubed)

Front 15

Kilometer

Back 15

1000 meters,1 m=1/1000 times the base unit

Front 16

Millimeter/Milli

Back 16

1/1000 (or 10 negative squared) times the base unit

Front 17

Conversion Factor

Back 17

any Factor that multiplies a measurement to convert its unit to a different but equivalent unit

Front 18

Error

Back 18

an ever-present fact of science.every measurement contains an error,no matter how good the instrument and the observer are

Front 19

Accuracy

Back 19

an assessment of the measurement error...a smaller error means a more accurate measurement while a larger error indicates a less accurate measurement

Front 20

Precision

Back 20

an assessment of the exactness of a measurement...when measuring with a metric instrument,estimate the measurement to 1/10 of the smallest decimal subdivision on the instrument scale

Front 21

Random Errors

Back 21

more easily detected with instruments that are more precise,but they tend to cancel out when enough data is collected to compute an average.

Front 22

Repeatability

Back 22

small random errors mean the measurement has good repeatability

Front 23

Systematic Error

Back 23

one that shifts the results of measurements the same amount and same direction each time...systematic errors come from inaccurate instruments,improper measuring methods,or environmental factors effecting the process,these errors are harder to detect in school laboratories

Front 24

Significant Digits

Back 24

the significant digits of a measurement include the certain digits plus the estimated digits +

Front 25

Matter has 2 dimensions

Back 25

mass and volume,you can measure matter using weight,mass,volume,or density

Front 26

Weight

Back 26

can indicate the amount of matter in an object,but it does not measure the amount of matter directly

Front 27

Spring Scale

Back 27

a familiar laboratory instrument that measures weight

Front 28

Electronic Scale

Back 28

another common laboratory instrument used to weigh things

Front 29

Mass

Back 29

measurement of the amount of matter in an object.There is no way to directly measure mass,so we must use one of several indirect methods.One way is to compare an unknown mass with a known mass using a mass balance,or simply a balance

Front 30

Volume

Back 30

all matter occupies space.the space enclosed or occupied by an object is its volume

Front 31

Water Displacement

Back 31

you can measure the volume of relatively small,irregularly shaped,solid objects by the water displacement method

Front 32

Pipettes

Back 32

are like long,thin eyedroppers;they can measure and deliver tiny volumes of liquid drop by drop if needed

Front 33

Density

Back 33

property of matter that you use to identify certain substances when you measure them under standard conditions