Ch.22/23 Vocab.

Front 1

HO CHI MINH

Back 1

Indochinese Communist Party leader.

Front 2

VIETMINH

Back 2

an organization whose goal it was to win Vietnam's independence from foreign rule.

Front 3

VIETCONG

Back 3

Communist group in South Vietnam.

Front 4

DOMINO THEORY

Back 4

Theory of how communism spreads.

Front 5

BIEN DIEN PHU

Back 5

The French defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 signalled the end of French influence in Indochina. By the end of the decade the United States was to become the prominent foreign power in Vietnam. Influence of France dwindled to barely nothing.

Front 6

GENEVA ACCORDS

Back 6

The agreement that divided Vietnam.

Front 7

NGO DINH DIEM

Back 7

President of South Vietnam.

Front 8

HO CHI MINH TRAIL

Back 8

a logistical system that ran from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) to the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) through the neighboring kingdoms of Laos and Cambodia.

Front 9

USS MADDOX AND C TURNER JOY

Back 9

USS Turner Joy (DD-951) was a Forrest Sherman-class destroyer in the United States Navy.
The USS Maddox, At first steaming with fast carrier groups in the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea, it headed south 18 May and established patrol off the coast of South Vietnam.

Front 10

TONKIN GULF RESOLUTION

Back 10

Gave Johnson Military power in Vietnam.

Front 11

ROBERT MCNAMARA

Back 11

President Johnson's Secretary of Defense.

Front 12

DEAN RUSK

Back 12

was the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. Along with James Madison, he was the second-longest serving Secretary of State, behind Cordell Hull.

Front 13

WILLIAM WESTMORELAND

Back 13

American Commander in Vietnam.

Front 14

ARVN

Back 14

the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) was one of the most maligned fighting forces in modern history. It was effectively pushed aside by the Americans in 1965.

Front 15

NAPALM

Back 15

gasoline-based bomb dropped in jungle.

Front 16

AGENT ORANGE

Back 16

the code name for an herbicide and defoliant—contaminated with TCDD—used by the U.S. military in its herbicidal warfare program during the Vietnam War.

Front 17

SEARCH AND DESTROY MISSIONS

Back 17

The idea was to insert ground forces into hostile territory, search out the enemy, destroy them, and withdraw immediately afterwards. The strategy was the result of a new weapon, the helicopter.

Front 18

DRAFT

Back 18

Required enrollment in the armed forces.

Front 19

NEW LEFT

Back 19

Youth activist movement to change society.

Front 20

SDS

Back 20

(Students for a Democratic Society) founded in 1960 by Tom Hayden and Al Haber. The SDS called for a restoration of "participatory democracy".

Front 21

FSM

Back 21

(Free Speech Movement) an anti establishment New left organization that originated in a 1964 clash between students and administrators at the University of California at Berkeley.

Front 22

DOVES

Back 22

These "birds" wanted withdrawal from war.

Front 23

HAWKS

Back 23

These "birds" wanted continuation of war.

Front 24

TET OFFENSIVE

Back 24

January 31, 1968. Forces of the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam (NLF, or Viet Cong), and thePeople's Army of Vietnam(the North Vietnamese army), fought against the forces of theRepublic of Vietnam(South Vietnam), theUnited States, and their allies.

Front 25

CLARK CLIFFORD

Back 25

highly influential Americanlawyer who servedUnited States Presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson and Jimmy Carter, serving asUnited States Secretary of Defensefor Johnson.

Front 26

1968 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION

Back 26

August 26 to August 29, 1968. Because Democratic PresidentLyndon Johnson had announced he would not seek a second term, the purpose of the convention was to select a new nominee to run as the Democratic Party’s candidate for the office.

Front 27

ROBERT KENNEDY

Back 27

Presidential candidate killed in 1968.

Front 28

EUGENE MCCARTHY

Back 28

member of theUnited States Congressfrom Minnesota. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and theU.S. Senate from 1959 to 1971.

Front 29

HUBERT HUMPHREY

Back 29

served under President Lyndon B. Johnson as the 38thVice President of the United States. Humphrey twice served as a United States Senator fromMinnesota, and served as Democratic Majority Whip. He was a founder of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party andAmericans for Democratic Action.

Front 30

RFK ASSASSINATION

Back 30

Robert F. Kennedy was shot as he walked through the kitchen of theAmbassador Hotel and died in the Good Samaritan Hospitaltwenty-six hours later. The assassin was a twenty-four year oldPalestinian immigrantnamed Sirhan Sirhan, who remains incarcerated for this crime as of 2010.

Front 31

GEORGE WALLACE

Back 31

was the 45thGovernor of Alabama, serving four terms: 1963–1967, 1971–1979 and 1983–1987. "The most influential loser" in 20th-century U.S. politics, according to biographers Dan T. Carter[1] and Stephan Lesher,[2] he ran for U.S. president four times, running officially as a Democrat three times and in theAmerican Independent Party

Front 32

RICHARD NIXON AND VIETNAMIZATION

Back 32

President Richard Nixon introduced his policy of "vietnamization". The plan was to encourage the South Vietnamese to take more responsibility for fighting the war. It was hoped that this policy would eventually enable the United States to withdraw gradually all their soldiers from Vietnam.

Front 33

HENRY KISSINGER

Back 33

Nixon's top negotiator in Vietnam.

Front 34

SILENT MAJORITY

Back 34

an unspecified large majority of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly.

Front 35

KENT STATE MASSACRE

Back 35

National Guard fired on Protesters.

Front 36

PENTAGON PAPERS

Back 36

a top-secret United States Department of Defensehistory of the United States' political-military involvement in Vietnamfrom 1945 to 1967. Commissioned by United States Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara in 1967, the study was completed in 1968.

Front 37

FALL OF SAIGON

Back 37

the capture ofSaigon, the capital ofSouth Vietnam, by the North Vietnamese Army on April 30, 1975. The event marked the end of theVietnam War.

Front 38

WAR POWERS ACT

Back 38

a United States Congress joint resolution providing that the Presidentcan send U.S. armed forces into action abroad only by authorization ofCongress or if the United States is already under attack or serious threat. 

Front 39

CESAR CHAVEZ

Back 39

The union organizer and farm worker who led a nationwide boycott of grapes.

Front 40

UFWOC

Back 40

(United Farm Workers Organizing Committee) a labor union formed in 1966 to seek higher wages and better working conditions for Mexican-American farm workers in California.

Front 41

LA RAZA UNIDA

Back 41

The Latino political movement founded by Jose Angel Gutierrez.

Front 42

AIM

Back 42

(American Indian Movement)

Front 43

FEMINISM

Back 43

The belief that woman should have economic, political, and social equality with men.

Front 44

NOW

Back 44

(National Organization for Woman) 1966 feminist group that sought equal opportunity for women, childcare aid, educational opportunities.

Front 45

GLORIA STEINEM

Back 45

The journalist and activist for women's rights, and a founder of Ms. magazine in 1972.

Front 46

ERA

Back 46

(Equal Rights Amendment) Constitutional change passed by Congress in 1972, but never ratified; aimed to end gender discrimination.

Front 47

PHYLLIS SCHAFFLY

Back 47

Leader of Stop-ERA, and was a spokesperson for the "New Right" movement. A movement of conservative values.

Front 48

COUNTERCULTURE

Back 48

1960s antiwar and cultural movement of American youths who turned away from traditional values.

Front 49

HAIGHT-ASHBURY

Back 49

Section of San Francisco known as the hippie capital in the mid-1960s.

Front 50

HIPPIE CULTURE

Back 50

Hippies donned ragged jeans, tie-dyed T-shirts, military garments, love beads. and Native American ornaments. The Hippie era was marked by Rock 'n' Roll, outrageous clothing, sexual license and illegal drugs.

Front 51

THE BEATLES

Back 51

[Musical Genius's!] The British band that, more than any other, helped make rock 'n' roll mainstream.

Front 52

WOODSTOCK

Back 52

1969 music festival held on a NY farm that drew record numbers with messages of peace, love, and rock 'n' roll.

Front 53

CONSERVATIVE ATTACK

Back 53

Conservatives were presenting their own solutions on such issues as lawlessness and crime, the size of the federal government, and welfare. This growing conservative movement would propel Nixon into the White House--and set the nation on a more conservative course.