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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood Vessels
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Are instrumental in overall cardiovascular regulation |
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Arteries
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Carry AWAY from heart
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Arterioles
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Are smallest branches of arteries |
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Capillaries |
Smallest blood vessels Location of exchange between blood & interstitial fluid Have small diameter & thin wall Chemicals & gases diffuse against wall |
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Venules
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Collect blood from capillaries |
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Veins |
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Vasoconstriction
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Contraction of arterial smooth muscle by ANS Vessel narrowing |
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Vasodilation |
The relaxation of atrial smooth muscle Enlarging lumen Vessel widens |
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Aneurysm
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A bulge in the arterial wall Caused by a weak spot in elastic fibers Pressure may rupture vessel |
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Fenestrated Capillaries
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Have pores in endothelial lining Permit rapid exchange of h2o & larger solutes B/t plasma & interstitial fluid Found in: Choroid plexus, Endocrine organs, Kidneys, & Intestinal tract |
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Pressure (P)
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-Absolute pressure is less important than pressure gradient |
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Pressure Gradient (^P) (its triangle then P) |
-The difference between *Pressure at the heart *And pressure at peripheral capillary beds |
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Flow (F)
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-Is proportional to the pressure difference ( Triangle then P) Divided by R * Increase F= Decrease R (Decrease P) * Decrese F= Increase R (B/C vessels getting narrower) |
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Blood Pressure (BP)
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Arterial Pressure mmHg |
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Capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) |
(amount of force that blood exerts) |
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Venous Pressure
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Pressure in the venous (veins) system |
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Circulatory Pressure |
-Pressure across the systemic circuit ( 100 mmHG) - Must overcome total peripheral resistance |
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Systolic Pressure
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- peak arterial pressure during ventricular systole - contraction- deploarization |
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Diastolic Pressure
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- minuium arterial pressure during diastole - relaxation- repolarization |
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Pulse Pressure |
PP= sys- dia |
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Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) |
MAP= dia press + PP 3 |
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filtration
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(positive) |
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Reabsorption |
(negative) |
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Net Filtration Pressure (NFP)
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NFP=HP-OP |
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Tissue Perfusion
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-blood flow through the tissues -Carries 02 & nutrients to tissues & organs -Carries C02 & waste away -affected by cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood pressure |
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cardiovascular center monitor arterial blood baroreceptor reflexes |
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cardiovascular center monitor arterial blood chemoreceptors reflexes |
respond to the change in chemical composition, particularly pH & dissolves gases |
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Antidiuretic Hormone ADH
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elevates BP reduces water loss at the kidney responds to : low blood volume, high plasma concentration, circulating angiotensin II |
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Angiotensin II
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stimulates: aldosterone production, ADH production, Thirst, Cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction |
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EPO
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responds to low BP, low 02 in blood stimulate RBS production |
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Light exercise |
venous return increases with muscle contract cardiac output rises ( Venus return{principle}, atrial stretching) |
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Heavy Exercise |
CO increases to max redistricts blood flow to nonessential organs redirects blood flow to skeletal muscles, lungs, and heart |
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stroke
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blockage or rupture in cerebral artery stops blood flow |
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Hepatic Portal System |
delivers nutrient-laden blood from capillaries of digestive organs to liver sinusoids for processing |
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Blood processed in Liver |
after processing in liver sinusoids (exchange vessels) Blood collects in hepatic veins & empties into inferior vena cava |
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blood flow to placenta
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through umbilical arteries that rise from internal iliac arteries- enters umbilical cord |
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blood flow return from placenta |
in a single umbilical vein that drains into ductus venosus |
