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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Jay Gould
Captain of industry and owner of the Union Pacific Railroad
Interstate Commerce Act
First Federal attempt to control unfair practices by railroads
J. Pierpont Morgan
investment banker who helped create US steel
Andrew Carnegie
Scottish immigrant who built enormous steel company
vertical integration
Technique of controlling all phases of production, extracting maximum profit
John D. Rockefeller
Creator of Standard Oil and a master of the use of pools and trust to monopolize in industry
standard oil trust
an umbrella organization of 40 companies that controlled the US oil industry
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
law against trusts; initially unsuccessful
Thomas Edison
Inventor, founder of the first industrial research laboratory
Henry Grady
Editor of the Atlanta Constitution and tireless booster of his city and region
Horatio Alger
Author of more than 100 “rags to riches” books for boys
wildcat strikes
Spontaneous strikes not authorized by a labor union; some turned violent
National Labor Union
Early attempt to establish a single national union
Knights of Labor
Organization that took up where the NLU left off; enjoying considerable success for a while
American Federation of Labor
Skilled craft unions united under the leadership of Samuel Gompers
Samuel Gompers
AFL leader who focused on practical goals like wages, hours, and working conditions
homestead strike
company lockout that sparked a strike and violence at the Carnegie steel plant in 1892
Eugene V. Debs
Union organizer, arrested as leader of striking National Railway Union; would become Socialist leader
William Sumner
Tough-minded Yale professor and theorist of Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism
Theory that “survival of the fittest” competition benefits society by weeding out the unfit
Marxism
Belief that capitalism would inevitably destroy itself in a violent class struggle, thus paving the way for classless, communist utopia