Ch15 Micro/annabelle

Front 1

The ability to cause disease

Back 1

pathogenicity

Front 2

The extent of pathogenicity

Back 2

virulence

Front 3

Portals of entry

Back 3

Mucus membranes, skin, parenteral route* preferred portal

Front 4

Parenteral route

Back 4

Just under the skin

Front 5

Mechanism of Pathogenicity

Back 5

1) M.O. gains access to host
2) adheres(binds) to host tissue
3) evade, penetrate; avoid host immune defenses (prevent phagocytosis)
4) damage host tissue
5) leaves thru portal of exit

Front 6

what is the most common portal of entry

Back 6

Respiratory tract

Front 7

second most common portal of entry

Back 7

GI tract

Front 8

What is ID50

Back 8

the infectious dose for 50% of the test population to show signs and symptoms

Front 9

What is LD50

Back 9

the lethal dose of a toxin that will kill 50% of population

Front 10

Ways pathogen prevents phagocytosis

Back 10

1) Capsule
2) M proteins inhibit T helper cells
3) Mycolic Acids inhibit digestion
4) enzymes produced by pathogen

Front 11

suface molecules on a pathogen that bind to complimentary surface receptors on cells of host tissue

Back 11

Adhisen (Ligand

Front 12

Pathogen cell wall component that resists phagocytosis

Back 12

M Protein

Front 13

Pathogen cell wall component that inhibits T helper cells

Back 13

Opa Proteins

Front 14

Pathogen cell wall component that resists digestion

Back 14

Mycolic Acid

Front 15

Pathogen cell wall component that coagulates fibrinogen

Back 15

Coagulase

Front 16

Pathogen cell wall component that digests fibrin clots

Back 16

Kinases

Front 17

Pathogen cell wall component that hydrolyzes Hyaluronic acid

Back 17

Hyaluronidase

Front 18

Pathogen cell wall component that hydrolyzes collagen

Back 18

collagenase

Front 19

Pathogen cell wall component that destroys lgA antibodies

Back 19

IgA Proteases

Front 20

Uses host cells iron; disrupts host cell function; produces toxins

Back 20

Siderophores

Front 21

destroys red blood cells

Back 21

hemolysins

Front 22

Alter host cell actin to enter a host cell

Back 22

Invasins

Front 23

the process whereby a pathogen alters its surface proteins in order to evade a host's immune response (bio weapons)

Back 23

Antigenic Variation

Front 24

Substance that contributes to Pathogenicity

Back 24

Toxin

Front 25

Ability to produce a toxin

Back 25

Toxigenicity

Front 26

presence of toxin in host's blood

Back 26

Toxemia

Front 27

Inactivated toxin used in a vaccine

Back 27

Toxoid

Front 28

inactivated toxin used in vaccine

Back 28

Toxoid

Front 29

antibodies against a specific toxin

Back 29

Antitoxin

Front 30

Cause an intense immune response due to release of cytokines from host cells
s/s fever, nvd, shock, death

Back 30

superantigens

Front 31

Respiratory tract, gi tract, genourinary tract, skin, blood

Back 31

Portals of Exit for pathogen

Front 32

Affect host cell functions

Back 32

Cytotoxins

Front 33

impair nerve impulse;
ie: botulinum - inhibits muscle contraction

Back 33

neurotoxins

Front 34

alter permeability of cells (enteric bacteria)
ie: cells that line gi tract;
result is diarrhea

Back 34

enterotoxins

Front 35

alter permeability of capillaries;
result is rash

Back 35

erythrogenic toxins

Front 36

cytopathic effect of virus- cytocidal (cell death)

Back 36

Poliovirus (Enterovirus)

Front 37

Cytopathic effect of virus - Acidophilic inclusion bodies in nucleus

Back 37

Papovavirus (family Papovaviridae)

Front 38

Cytopathic effects of virus - Acidophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm

Back 38

Rhabdovirus (family Rhabdoviridae)

Front 39

Cytopathic effects of virus - Basophilic inclusion bodies in nucleus

Back 39

Adenovirus (Mastadenovirus)

Front 40

Cytopathic effects of virus - Acidophilic inclusion bodies in nucleus & cytoplasm

Back 40

Cytomegalovirus

Front 41

Cytopathic effects of virus - Cell fusion

Back 41

Measles virus (Morbillivirus)

Front 42

Cytopathic effects of virus - transformation (from normal cell to cancerous)

Back 42

Polyomavirus

Front 43

Cytopathic effects of virus - Destruction of Tcells

Back 43

HIV (Lentivirus)

Front 44

Fusion of infected host cells end up with large multinucleated cells.

Back 44

Syncytium

Front 45

Surface proteins change

Back 45

Antigenic Variation

Front 46

gram+;metabolic produced;s/s cell function, nerves, gi tract,no fever;unstable destroyed 60c;highly toxic;antitoxins;LD50 = small;ie: gas gangrene, tetanus, botulism, diptheria & scarlet fever

Back 46

EXotoxin

Front 48

Active component in AB Exotoxin

Back 48

A

Front 49

Component used in binding AB Exotoxin

Back 49

B

Front 50

Lyse host cell by making protein channels in the plasma membrane; destroy neutropils & leukocytes

Back 50

Leukocidins