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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bessemer process
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Method that could produce more steel in one day that the older techniques could turn out in one week.
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Edwin L. Drake
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Used a steam engine to dril for oil near Titusville, PA in 1859.
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Elijah McCoy
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Made a significant contribution to the industrial use of oil.
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Patent
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A guarantee to protect an inventor's rights to make, use, or sell the invention.
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Transcontinental railroad
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Completed in 1869, it was finished when the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads were joined to create a single rail line from Omaha to the Pacific Ocean.
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George Westinghouse
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Developed a compressed-air brake.
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Telegraph
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One of the most significant advances in communication in the late 1800's.
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Alexander Graham Bell
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In 1876 patented the telephone.
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Thomas Alva Edison
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His first major invention was a telegraph that could send up to four messages over the same wire simultaneously. He also made significant discoveries in electricity, lightbulbs, phonographs, and early motion picture cameras.
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Lewis Latimer
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A skilled draftsman who made significant contributions to the development of the lightbulb with Thomas Edison.
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Capitalism
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In which private businesses run most industries, and competition determines how much goods cost and workers are paid.
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Horatio Alger Jr.
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Published a popular series of novels that reflected the increasing importance placed on individualism.
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Free enterprise
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The belief that the economy would prosper if businesses were left free from govt. regulation and allowed to compete in a free market.
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Communism
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Theory that individual ownership of property should not be allowed.
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Social Darwinism
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Idea that society progressed through natural competition. "Survival of the fittest."
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Corporation
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Where organizers raise money by selling shares of stock (certificates of ownership) in the property.
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Andrew Carnegie
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Urged people to invest in stocks he had.
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Trust
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A group of companies turn control of their stock over to a common board of trustees.
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Monopoly
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When a trust gains exclusive control of an industry.
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Vertical Integration
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Acquiring companies that provide materials and services upon an enterprise depended.
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John D. Rockefeller
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One founder of the Standard Oil Company.
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Horizontal integration
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One company's control of other companies producing the same product.
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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A pioneer of the railroad industry, he operated a profitable shipping business.
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George Pullman
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One of the most successful railroad giants. He designed the railroad cars.
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Sherman Antitrust Act
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Outlawed all monopolies and trusts that restrained trade.
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Knights of Labor
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A successful early national union founded by nine garment workers in Philadelphia.
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Terence V. Powderly
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An Irish Catholic machinist and the mayor of Scranton, PA became the Knights of Labor leader.
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Mary Harris Jones
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Played a prominent role in the National Labor Union.
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Great Upheaval
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Intense strikes and violent labor confrontations by workers who pressed for better working conditions.
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Haymarket Riot
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The most notorious confrontation against McCormick Harvesting Machine Company.
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Anarchists
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People who oppose all forms of government.
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American Federation of Labor (AFL)
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A new union founded by Samuel Gompers in 1886.
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Eugene V. Debs
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Head of the American Railway Union who supported Pullman strikers.
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