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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define aqueous solution
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a solution in which water is the dissolving medium
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define solution
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a homogenous mixture of two or more substances
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define solvent
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the substance present in the greatest quantity
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define solutes
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substances present in lesser quantity in the solution. solutes are dissolved in the solvent
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ions ____ electrical current in aqueous solutions
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conduct current
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a substance whose aqueous solution contains ions is called a(n) __________
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electrolyte
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a substance whose aqueous solution does not contain elections is called a(n) ________
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nonelectrolyte
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define solvated
(in relation to ionic compounds) |
when an ionic compound becomes surrounded by H2O molecules, the ions are solvated
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what does solvation do?
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helps stabilize the ions in solution and prevents cations and anions from recombining. also helps disperse the ions in the solution.
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most molecular compounds are
a) electrolytes b) nonelectrolytes |
nonelectrolytes
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the few molecular substances that contain ions in aq solution are usually ___
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acids
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strong electrolytes are what?
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exist in solution completely or nearly completely as ions
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most water soluble ionic compounds are weak or strong electrolytes?
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strong electrolytes
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what are weak electrolytes?
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exist in solution as neutral molecules with only a small fraction as ions
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does the extent to which an electrolyte dissolves determine if it is a strong or weak electrolyte?
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no.
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what does this reaction arrow mean?
⇌ |
that the reaction is significant in both directions
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what does the half arrow pointing in opposite directions mean? ⇌
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ionization of weak electrolytes
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what does the single arrow mean?⟶
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ionization of strong electrolytes
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water soluble ionic compounds are _____ electrolytes
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strong electrolytes
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ionic compounds can usually be identified by the presence of both ____ and _____
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presence of both metals and non-metals
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precipitation reaction are what?
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reactions that result in the formation of an insoluble product
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define precipitate
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an insoluble solid formed by a reaction in solution
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_____ ______ occur when pairs of oppositely charged ions attract each other so strongly that they form an insoluble ionic solid
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precipitation reactions
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finish the definition:
the solubility of a substance at a given temperature is the - |
amount of the substance that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at the given temperature
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reactions in which cations and anions appear to exchange partners conform to the general equation
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AX + BY = AY + BX
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What are the types of reactions called in which cations and anions appear to exchange partners?
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exchange reactions or metathesis reactions
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define spectator ions
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appear in identical forms on both sides of the reaction. play no direct role in the reaction.
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what is the net ionic equation?
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omits the spectator ions. includes only the ions and molecules directly involved in the reaction.
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true/false:
sum of ionic charges must be the same on both sides of a balanced net ionic equation |
true
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