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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anus |
the distal opening of the digestive tract |
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appendix |
an appendage, usually means the narrow tube of the lymphatic tissue attached to the cecum, the vermiform( worm-like) appendix |
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bile |
the fluid secreted by the liver that emulsifies fats and aids in their absorption |
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cecum |
a blind pouch at the beginning of the large intestine |
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colon |
the major portion of the large intestine; extends from the cecum to the rectum and is formed by ascending, transverse, and descending portions |
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common bile duct |
The duct that carries bile into the duodenum; formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct |
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duodenum |
the first portion of the small intestine |
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enzyme |
an organic catalyst; speeds up the rate of chemical reactions |
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esophagus |
The muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach |
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feces |
the waste material eliminated from the intestine |
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gallbaladder |
a sac on the undersurface of the liver that stores bile |
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hepatic portal system |
a special circulatory pathway that brings blood directly from the abdominal organs to the liver for processing. The vessel that enters the liver is the hepatic portal vein |
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ileum |
the terminal portion of the small intestine |
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intestine |
the portion of the digestive tract between the stomach and the anus. It consists of the small and large intestines. it functions in digestion, absorption, and elimination of the waste |
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jejunum |
the middle portion of the small intestine |
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lacteal |
a lymphatic capillary in a villus of the small intestine. Lacteals absorb digested fats into the lymph |
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large intestine |
the terminal portion of the digestive tract, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anus. IT stores and elimiantes undigested waste material |
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liver |
the large gland in the upper right abdomen. In addition to many other functions, it secrets bile needed for digestion and absorption of fats |
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lower esophageal sphincter |
Muscle tissue at the distal end of the esophagus that prevents stomach contents from refluxing into the esophagus |
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mastication |
chewing |
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mouth |
The oral cavity; contains the tongue and teeth; used to take in and chew food, mix it with saliva, and move it towards the throat to be swallowed |
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palate |
the roof of the mouth; the partition between the mouth and nasal cavity. Consists of an anterior portion formed by bone, the hard palate, and the posterior portion formed of tissue, soft palate |
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pancreas |
a large, elongated gland posterior to the stomach. it produces hormones that regulate sugar metabolism and also produces digestive enzymes |
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peristalsis |
wave-like contractiosn of an organ's walls |
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peritoneum |
the large serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and supports the abdominal organs |
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pharynx |
the throat ; a common passageway for food entering the esophagus and airentering the larynx |
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pylorus |
the stomach's distal opening, into the duodenum. The opening is controlled by a ring a muscle, the pyloric sphincter |
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rectum |
the distal portion of the large intestine. It stores and eliminates undigested waste |
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saliva |
the clear secretion released into the mouth that moistens food and contains a starch-digesting enzyme. |
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sigmoid colon |
Distal S-shaped portion of the large intestine located between the descending colon and the rectum |
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small intestine |
the portion of the intestine between the stomach and the large intestine; comprises the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Accessory organs secrete into the small intestine, and almost all difestion and absorption occurs there |
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stomach |
a muscular sac-like organ below the diaphragm that stores food and secretes juices that digest proteins |
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uvula |
the fleshy mas that hangs from the soft palate |
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villi |
tiny projections in the lining of the small intestine that absorb digested foods into the circulation |
