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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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TRAIT |
A distinguishing quality or characteristic typically one belonging to a person |
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GENE |
A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
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Allele |
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
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Gamete |
a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
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Homozygous |
If you're homozygous, you've got a pair of matching alleles, which are the two genes that control a particular trait. If both your alleles that determine blood type are O, you're homozygous — and you've got type O blood. |
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Heterozygous |
Medical Definition of HETEROZYGOUS. : having the two genes at corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes different for one or more loci—compare homozygous. |
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Phenotype |
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
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Genotype |
the genetic constitution of an individual organism. |
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Independent assortment |
formation of random combinations of chromosomes in meiosis and of genes on different pairs of homologous chromosomes by the passage according to the laws of probability of one of each diploid pair of homologous chromosomes into each gamete independently of each other pair. |
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Incomplete dominance |
refers to a genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, and therefore results in a new phenotype. |
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Codominance |
Codominance is a relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive one version of a gene, called an allele, from each parent. If the alleles are different, the dominant allele usually will be expressed, while the effect of the other allele, called recessive, is masked. |
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homologous |
having the same relation, relative position, or structure, in particular. |
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Diploid |
containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. |
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Haploid |
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
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Meiosis |
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.2. |
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Tetrad |
a group or set of four. |
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Crossing over |
the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring |
