Ch.11 The Coming Of The Civil War

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John C. Calhoun

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(SC) held many offices in fed Gov.; supported slavery, cotton exports, states' rights; 1850 foresaw future conflicts over slavery

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Robert E. Lee

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Brilliant general of Confederate forces during the Civil War

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John Brown

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Abolitionist crusader who massacred proslavery settlers in Kansas before the Civil war; hoped to inspire slave revolt with 1859 attack on Virginia arsenal; executed for treason agains the state of VA

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Jefferson Davis

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President of the Confederate States of America; ordered attack on For Sumter, the first battle of the Civil war

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Steven Douglass

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Illinois senator who introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which allowed new territories to choose their own position on slavery; debated Abe Lincoln on slavery issues in 1858

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Henry Clay

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Statesman form Kentucky; accused by Jackson of giving botes to John Q. Adams in return for post as secretary of state; endorsed Gov.. promotion of economic growth; advocate of compromise of 1850

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Abe Lincoln

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16th president of the U.S. known for his effective leadership during the Civil War and his Emancipation Proclamation declaring the end of slavery in the Confederate-held territory

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Charles Sumner

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Abolitionist and senator from MA; beaten badly in the senate by a southern congressman after making an antislavery speech

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Harriet Beecher Stowe

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Author the the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, which contributed significantly to anti-southern feeling among Northerners before the Civil War

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William Seward

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Republican antislavery leader during the 1860s; acquired Alaska in 1867 as secretary of state

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Roger Taney

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Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who wrote an opinion in the 1857 Dred Scott case that declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

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popular sovereignty

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letting people in a territory decide whether slavery would be allowed there

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fugitive slave act

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part of the compromise of 1850, a law ordering all citizens of the U.S. to assist in the return of slaves

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compromise of 1850

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Agreement designed to ease tensions over the expansion of slavery into western territories

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arsenal

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place where weapons are made or stored

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Harper's ferry

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further deepened the division, stress and anger between the North and South where John Brown attacked arsenal

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border states

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Mason Dixon line; states between North and South

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states rights

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theory that holds that the constitution divided power between the states and the fed Gov.. and that a strict interpretation of that division must be respected

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secessionist

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person who wanted South to secede

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nativism

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a movement to ensure that native-born Americans receive better treatment than immigrants

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Upper South

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the states of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas designed used in the Civil War

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Lower South

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States of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia and South Carolina

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Kansas/Nebraska act

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1854 law that called on citizens in each territory to decide the issue of slavery there

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Uncle Tom's cabin and how it affected American society in the 1850s

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It presented to northerns a cicid yet exaggerated picture of what was happening down south

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The Dred Scott decision and what did the supreme court rule?

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Scott v. Sandford. Dred Scott was an enslaved man living in Missouri and he filed a suit against his owner.

slave that sued his owner. he said that he was a free man because he and his wife once lived in states were slavery was illegal. However the court said he could not even sue his owner cause he was not considered a citizen. Therefore he was not free.

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1858 debate between Lincoln and Douglass

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p.330

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What was the impact of the raid by John Brown on Harper's ferry?

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Attacked fed. arsenal at Harper's ferry, VA. His raid deepened the divison, distrust and anger between North and South.

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Fort Sumpter and what affect it had on the Southern states.

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A federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, SC. Southerners saw this as an act of wat against them. Borders states remained uncommitted.

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Why did northern whites object to slavery in the South?

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Slaves were treated very poorly

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Why did Southern whites criticize northers for not caring about their workers?

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Said that they don't care about their workers.

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What was the purpose of the fugitive slave act?

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Would order all citizens of the U.S. to assist in the return of enslaved people who had escaped from their own owners. It would also deny a jury trial to escaped slaves.

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The difference in the economic systems between North and South?

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North= industrialized society
South= Agrian society

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What was the reason that the 7 Southern States succeed from the Union?

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Lincoln was elected

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Why were abolitionists so upset with the Dred Schott decision?

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northeners were upset because the case showed how congress had no power to ban slavery!

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Know about South Carolina and why they were the first state to succeed and what were the beliefs of John C. Calhoun on slavery?

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Because Lincoln was elected and John didn't like Lincoln because he was against slavery and he believed in it.

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Northern abolitionists and Southern Slave holders both believe hey were defending the Constitution. What were the opposing beliefs?

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