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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bit |
binary digit 0 or 1; used to represent numeric values, characters in an alphabet, punctuation marks etc |
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Boolean operations |
or, and, not, xor (exclusive or) |
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address |
numerical way to identify memory shell |
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hexidecimal notation |
good way to write bit patterns |
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track |
circle on disk platter where data is written or read |
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sector |
part of a track in mass storage system |
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cylinder |
set of tracks at given spot of read or write heads |
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seek time |
time needed to move read or write heads to different track |
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latency time |
average time for wanted data to spin to the heads |
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transfer rate |
rate that data is written or read to or from a device |
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ISO |
International Standards Organization; establishes standards on international level |
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ANSI |
American National Standards Institute; establishes standards on national level |
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ASCII |
system made by ANSI to encode text |
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flip flop |
digital circuit that can hold a single digit (0 or 1) which remains constant until a pulse (temporary change to a 1 that returns 0) from another circuit causes it to shift to the other value; digital circuit whose output may differ from the input depending on the pulse applied from another circuit |
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two's completion notation |
way to encode whole numbersfl |
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floating point notation |
way to encode numerical values that might have fractions |
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GIF |
image compression method that restricts the amount of colors allowed |
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JPEG |
image compression method that blurs the boarders of colors while keeping the same brightness levels |
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Unicode |
encode text with each symbol shown by 21 bits which can be encoded in UTF-8, UTF-16 or UTF-32 |
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gate |
device that produces the output of a Boolean operation when given an operation's input values |
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stream |
long string of bits |
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main memory |
large collection of circuits where each is capable of storing a single bit; bit reservoir |
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cell |
manageable unit organized in the main memory |
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byte |
string of 8 bits; one cell has on byte |
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high-order end |
left end of the bits in a memory cell; the front |
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low-order end |
the right end of the bits in a memory cell; the end |
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most significant bit; high-order bit |
the leftmost bit |
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least significant bit; low-order bit |
the rightmost bit |
