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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacteriology |
The study of bacteria |
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Prokaryotes |
Bacteria, unicellular and very small (independent organism) no other organelles like mitochandria, gogi, etc. No nucleus. Chromosomes free float in the cytoplasm. Contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. They produce ATP. |
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Archae |
Don't have peptidoglycan in cell wall. 1. Halophiles-salt-lovers 2. Methanogens- produce methane gas 3. Thermophiles- heat-lovers |
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Nomenclature |
The naming of organisms •scientific name 1st part-genus name •species name-2nd part-lower case and underlined or italicized. Scientific name will sometimes show who discovered organism or where it was discovered |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
(Grape-like cluster) aureus means golden. Normal flora and an opportunistic pathogen. Can produce an enterotoxin, which causes food poisoning when injested. Can also cause toxic shock syndrome. |
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Normal phlora |
Refers to microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) that colonize us, found inside our body, considered healthy unless immune system is not great, the normal phlora could then become opportunistic. Many normal phlora in upper respiratory areas. |
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Fungi |
Unicellular (yeasts), multicellular (molds, mushrooms, rusts, mildews, etc.) Absorb nutrients through outer covering. |
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Protista |
Protozoans like Euglena or Amoeba. -unicellular -some heterotrophic (injest preformed food) -some autotrophic (use photosynthesis to synthesize their own nutrients). |
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Plantae |
Multicellular; absorb nutrients -use photosynthesis. |
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Animalia |
Multicellular organisms -injest nutrients (aka through the mouth) |
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Virology |
The study of "subcellular" or "acellular" entities- viruses |
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HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) |
Retro virus with 2 strands of RNA in its core. Replicate genetic info. Through reverse transcription. |
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Virus |
Infectious agent, typically consists of a nucleic acid (DNA OR RNA) molecule in a protein coat (capsid) -can only replicate inside of a hosts cell) - infect all life forms including bacteria. -too small to be seen with a light microscope. |
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Viroid |
Infectious agent consisting only of circularized molecule of RNA. -no capsid -most are pathogens of plants -hepatitis B is caused be a viroid. |
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Virion |
Completely assembled virus outside of the hosts cell -capable of infection |
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Prion |
Infectious proteins -cause brain infections (scrapie, Kuru, Crutzfield-Jakobs disease, BSE) -caused from injestion of meat or from infected animals. -Spontaneous mutation -virtually indestructible and cause slow infections- ALWAYS FATAL. Incineration, autoclaving and radiation can not destroy it. |
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Parasitology |
Study of parasites |
