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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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catabolic
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breakdown of complex molecules
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fermentation
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catabolic pathway without oxygen
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cellular respiration
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catabolic pathway with oxygen
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free energy of catabolism of glucose
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-686 Kcal per mole of glucose decomposed negative means stores less energy than reactants
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why is triphosphate tail unstable?
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the three negative charges repel each other
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phosphorylation
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adding a phosphate group to a molecule
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ATP recycle rate in working muscle cell
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10 million molecules per second
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oxidation
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losing electrons to another substance
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reduction
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addition of electrons
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redox reactions
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short for elctron trnasfers of oxidation-reduction reactions
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reducing agent
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electron donor
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oxidizing agent
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electron receptor
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why is oxgen a good "oxidizer?"
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its electronegativity, electrons are more attracted to it
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hydrogen acceptor (oxidizing agent)?
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD+ and where hydrogen goes after breaking apart from glucose
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how does NAD+trap electrons from glucose and fuels?
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enzymes called dehydrogenases remove hydogen atoms form a subsrate or some kind of fuel which delivers two electrons and one proton to conenzyme and one proton to solution
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NADH
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gains electrons oxidizing agent (2 electrons and one proton)
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what do NADH molecules represent?
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stored enrgy that could make ATP after electrons "fall" from NADH to oxygen (more elctronegative and stable)
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“down hill route” of electrons in cell respiration
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food,NADH,electron transport chain,oxygen
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electron transprt chain
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break fall of electrons to oxgyen at top electrons shuttled by the NADH (food) and at bottom oxygen captures electrons with hydrogen nuclei to form water
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Respiration
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glycoloysise,Krebs cycle,electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
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