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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Tuberculosis:
-Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-Person to person
-Inhaled infected aerosol
Tuberculosis:Screening:
Tuberculin skin test (PPD)
Tuberculosis:Diagnosis:
-Cytology
-Chest x-ray
Drug Resistance With Tuberculosis:
Goal of treatment:
-Eliminate symptoms
-Prevent relapse
Drug resistance:
-Contact—person with resistant TB
-Repeated effectual courses of treatment
Tuberculosis:
Causes of Drug Resistance:
Principal cause underlying the emergence of resistance is inadequate drug therapy.
Treatment Regimens for Tuberculosis:
2 phases:
-Induction phase:
Eliminate active tubercle bacilli
-Continuation phase:
Eliminate intracellular “persisters”
Drug-Sensitive Regimen for Tuberculosis:
Induction phase: 2 months
Continuation phase: 4 months
Daily therapy
-Isoniazid
-Rifampin
-Pyrazinamide
-Ethambutol
Continuation phase: 4 months
Daily or biweekly therapy
-Isoniazid
-Rifampin
Multidrug-Resistant Regimen for Tuberculosis:
[Define]
[Treatment]
[I. Therapy]
Define: Resistance to isoniazid and rifampin
Treatment: Three drugs for 1 to 2 yrs
Initial therapy: Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin
Isoniazid (INH) [Laniazid]
[Type]
[AV]
Primary agent for TB
Bactericidal.

Adverse effects:
Peripheral neuropathy (pyridoxine, vitamin B6)
Hepatotoxicity
Optic neuritis
Anemia
Rifampin [Rifadin]
*stains everything red*
[Type]
[Use]
[AV]
[Drug interactions]
Broad spectrum antibiotic

Uses:
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
Haemophilus influenzae
Legionella

Adverse effects:
Hepatitis
Discoloration of body fluids

Drug interactions:
Oral contraceptives
Warfarin
Drugs for HIV infection
Ethambutol [Myambutol]
[Type]
[For]
[AV]
Bacteriostatic

Uses: tuberculosis

Adverse effects:
Optic neuritis
Allergy
Hyperuricemia
Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection
[Prophylaxis]
[Acute Infection]
Mycobacterium avium complex
M. avium
M. Intracellulare

Prophylaxis:
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

Acute infection:
Same as prophylaxis plus ethambutol

*Mac is treated with Mac*