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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tuberculosis:
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-Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-Person to person -Inhaled infected aerosol |
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Tuberculosis:Screening:
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Tuberculin skin test (PPD)
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Tuberculosis:Diagnosis:
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-Cytology
-Chest x-ray |
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Drug Resistance With Tuberculosis:
Goal of treatment: |
-Eliminate symptoms
-Prevent relapse Drug resistance: -Contact—person with resistant TB -Repeated effectual courses of treatment |
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Tuberculosis:
Causes of Drug Resistance: |
Principal cause underlying the emergence of resistance is inadequate drug therapy.
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Treatment Regimens for Tuberculosis:
2 phases: |
-Induction phase:
Eliminate active tubercle bacilli -Continuation phase: Eliminate intracellular “persisters” |
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Drug-Sensitive Regimen for Tuberculosis:
Induction phase: 2 months Continuation phase: 4 months |
Daily therapy
-Isoniazid -Rifampin -Pyrazinamide -Ethambutol Continuation phase: 4 months Daily or biweekly therapy -Isoniazid -Rifampin |
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Multidrug-Resistant Regimen for Tuberculosis:
[Define] [Treatment] [I. Therapy] |
Define: Resistance to isoniazid and rifampin
Treatment: Three drugs for 1 to 2 yrs Initial therapy: Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin |
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Isoniazid (INH) [Laniazid]
[Type] [AV] |
Primary agent for TB
Bactericidal. Adverse effects: Peripheral neuropathy (pyridoxine, vitamin B6) Hepatotoxicity Optic neuritis Anemia |
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Rifampin [Rifadin]
*stains everything red* [Type] [Use] [AV] [Drug interactions] |
Broad spectrum antibiotic
Uses: Tuberculosis Leprosy Haemophilus influenzae Legionella Adverse effects: Hepatitis Discoloration of body fluids Drug interactions: Oral contraceptives Warfarin Drugs for HIV infection |
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Ethambutol [Myambutol]
[Type] [For] [AV] |
Bacteriostatic
Uses: tuberculosis Adverse effects: Optic neuritis Allergy Hyperuricemia |
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Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection
[Prophylaxis] [Acute Infection] |
Mycobacterium avium complex
M. avium M. Intracellulare Prophylaxis: Azithromycin Clarithromycin Acute infection: Same as prophylaxis plus ethambutol *Mac is treated with Mac* |