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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Echopraxia
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Meaningless imitation of other person's movements
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Catatonia
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Immobility or Rigidity
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Stereotypy
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Repetition of fixed movement patterns/speech
example: echolalia |
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Akathisia
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State of restlessness characterized by urgent need for movement.
Side effect of medication. |
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Ataxia
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Irregularity or failure of muscle coordination.
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Circumstantiality
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Speech delayed in reaching the point. Contains excessive or irrelevant details.
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Tengentiality
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Change of focus in convo to loosely associated topic.
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Perserveration
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Persistent ofcus on previous topic/behavior after new topic has been introduced.
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Flight of Ideas
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Rapid shifts in thoghts from one idea to another
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Thought blocking
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interruption of though before it is carried through to completion
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Pressured speech
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Rapid/increased in amount. Hard to interrupt.
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Poverty of speech
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Limited speech
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Nonspontaneous speech
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Responses given only when spoken to directly
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Perseveration in speech
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Repetition of a word or phrase
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Hallucinations
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false sensory perceptions not in response to external stimuli
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Illusions
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misperceptions/misinterpretationsof real sensory events
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Depersonalization
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subjective sense of being unreal or inanimate
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Derealization
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Subjective sense that environment is unreal
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Fugue
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State of serious depersonalization. Person assumes new identity with amnesia towards old identity.
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Dissociative identity disorder
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Appearance that person has developed 2 or more distinct personalities
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Dissociation
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Seperation or mental/behavioral processes from persons psychic activity
Mild dissociation would be like daydreaming, or when you are driving down a familiar stretch of road and realize that you do not remember the last several miles. A severe form is dissociative identity disorder. |
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Immediate memory
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Ability to recall things withing seconds/minutes
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Recent memory
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Recall things from past few days
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Recent past memory
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Recall info from past few months
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Remote memory
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Recall distant past
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Retrograde amnesia
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Inability recall events prior to precipiitating event
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In the DSM, what does Axis I identify?
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Identifies clinical disorders/conditions that are the focus of clinical attention
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In the DSM, what does Axis II identify?
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Personality disorders or Mental retardation
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In the DSM, what does Axis III identify?
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General medical conditions
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In the DSM, What does Axis IV identify?
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Psychosocial/environmental problems.
Examples: -Primary support group -Problems in social environment -Educational problems -Occupational problems -Housing problems -Economic problems -Problems with access to health care -Legal system/crime |
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In the DSM, what does Axis V identify?
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Provides a global assessment of functioning.
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Types of Schizophrenia
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1 Paranoid
2 Disorganized 3 Catatonic 4 Undifferentiated 5 Residual |
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Paranoid Schizophrenia
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Delusions, grandeur.
Auditory hallucinations Negative symptoms less exhibited |
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Schizophrenia, disorganized type
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Regression
Primitive Disinhibited Disorganized |
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Catatonic Schizophrenia
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Severe disturbances in motor behavior: stupor, negativism, rigidity, excitement, posturing
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Undifferentiated type (schizophrenia)
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Do not clearly fit in a category
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Residual type (schizophrenia)
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Continued evidence present of schizophrenic behavior without complete set of diagnostic criteria
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Schizophreniform disorder
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Meets criteria for schizophrenia.
Episodes last 1-6 months |
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Schizoaffective disorder
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Uninterrupted period of illness with a major depressive, manic or mixed episode
Meets critera A symptoms. |
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Delusional disorder
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Non-bizarre delusions with the absence of other criterion A symptoms.
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Brief psychotic disorder
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Experiences at least one day, but less than a month, symptoms of schizophrenia from severe psychosocial stress.
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Schizophrenia
Criterion A |
Presence of 2 or more of the following:
Delusions Hallucinations disorganized speech Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior (+ symptom) Negative symptoms |
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Schizophrenia
Criterion B |
Disturbance in one or more ares of functions uch as work, interpersonal relations, or self care
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Schizophrenia
Criterion C |
Continuous signs of illness for 6 months. Atleast one month of symptoms from criterion A.
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Schizophrenia
Positive symptoms |
Excesses or distortions of normal function (Criterion A)
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Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms |
Loss of absence of function:
Restricted emotion Decreased though/speech Lack of motivation and initiative Inability to relate to others |
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Side effects of psychotic medications
pg 215 in 5th edition therapy ed, all are grouped together |
Dry mouth
blurry vision photosensitivity constipation orthostatic hypotension Parkinsonism dystonia akathisia tardive dyskinesia cardiovascular disorders blood count monitoring insomnia Complications: Neuropleptic Malignant Syndrome - leads to increased bp, tachycardia, sweating, convulsions, and coma |
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OT focus in acute setting for schizophrenia
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Reality testing
Stabilize behavior Engagee person in treatment process |
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Long term hospitalization focus with schizophrenia
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normalizing environment
develop realisitic/meaningful d/c goals develop skills needed to function for d/c environment |
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Intervention focus for schizophrenia in community settings
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Maintenance of existing skills
Continue development of skills needed for (I) living External structure to organize thinking, environment, and daily activities |
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OT treatement for substance abuse
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Identify values/goals
Identify reasons for substance abuse Develop coping skills/develop skills needed for substance-free lifestyle Assist with obtaining housing, food stamps, etc |
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OT treatment for anxiety disorders
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Skills training/cognitive behavioral approch to reduce avoidant behavior
Develope relaxation/stress menagement skills Grade activities to promote confidence/motivation |
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Paranoid Peronality
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Longstanding suspiciousness/mistrust
Refust responsibility for own feelings Are hostile, irritable, and angry |
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Schizoid personality disorder
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Frequently diagnosed - marked by lifelong pattern fo social withdrawel (discomfort with human interaction)
Constricted affect Perceived by others as eccentric isolated or lonely. |
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Schizotypal personality
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Odd strange in thinking/behavior.
Marked by magical thinking, peculiar ideas, illusions, and derealization. |
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Antisocial personality disorder
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Inability to conform to social norms that involves many aspects of adolescent and adult development.
No regard for safety/feelings of others |
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Borderline personality disorder
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Unstable self image, affec, mood, behavior, relationships
Fear of real/imagined abandonment leads to frantic efforts to avoid it Recurrent self destrutive/self-mutiliating behavior may be threated or carried out |
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What are characteristics of Cluster A personalities?
Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal |
Odd & Eccentric
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What are characteristics of Cluster B personalities?
Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissitic |
Dramatic, emotional, erratic
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What are characteristics of Cluster C personalities?
Avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive |
Anxious or fearful
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Intervention focus for personality disorders
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Cognitive behavior approaches and increase in function/coping skills
Identification of above issues |
