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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does genome mean?
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The genetic info. in a cell. p.215
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What does chromosome mean?
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Structures containing DNA that physically carry hereditary info.; the chromosomes contain genes. p.215
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What is a gene?
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Genes are segments of DNA (except in viruses, in which they are made of RNA) that code for functional products. p.215
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What does gene expression mean? Are all genes expressed in every cell throughout the lifetime of the cell?
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When the ultimate molecule for which a gene codes (a protein, for example) has been produced, we say that the gene has been "expressed". p.215
No cell expresses all genes at any one time. Too expensive in ATP demands. (lecture 4/30) |
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How does the genotype of an organism differ from it's phenotype?
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Genotype of an organism is its genetic makeup, the info. that codes for all the particular characteristics of the organism. Represents POTENTIAL properties, NOT the properties themselves.
Phenotype refers to ACTUAL, EXPRESSED properties, such as an organism's ability to perform a particular chemical reaction. p.215 |
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How is the phenotype related to gene expression?
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The phenotype is the manifestation of the genotype. In a sense, an organism's phenotype is it's collection of proteins. Most of the cell's properties derive from the structures and functions of its proteins. p.215
Group of genes expressed = Phenotype. (lecture 4/30) |
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Can phenotypes change?
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Yes. Ex: Does Dr.Levine look the same as she did when she was 6 months old? Phenotype continuosly changes, genotype constant. (Lecture 4/23)
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The DNA replication pathway is important for the ----------generation. Involves copying every nucleotide in the genome & produces -------identical copies of the entire genome.
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Next
two (ch.8 rvw guide) |
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The Gene Expression pathway is critical for the survival of the -------- generation, involoves -----------
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The Gene Expression pathway is critical for the survival of the CURRENT generation, involves ONLY the genes that contribute to a particular phenotype, & produces tRNAs, rRNAs, & mRNAs.
Only mRNAs are translated into proteins. (ch.8 rvw guide) |
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Gene products include.....
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tRNAs, rRNAs and proteins.
(ch.8 rvw guide) |
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What does the term Retrovirus mean?
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Indicates reversed flow of genetic information. The critical step involves the product of a viral gene- reverse transcriptase (RNA dependant DNA polymerase) that copies the viral RNA into double-stranded DNA.
(ch.8 rvw guide) |
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What does semi-conservative replication mean?
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During DNA replication, the 2 strands of DNA ...........
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