Ch. 7.1/7.2 - Sensory System Organization/auditory Sys.

Front 1

Primary Sensory Cortex

Back 1

Area of sensory cortex that receives direct input from the lateral geniculate nuclei of one sensory system.

Front 2

Secondary Sensory Cortex

Back 2

Areas of sensory cortex that receive most their input from primary sensory cortex of one sensory system or from other areas of secondary cortex of the same system.

Front 3

Association Cortex

Back 3

Any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system.

Front 4

Hierarchical Organization

Back 4

Organization into a series of levels that can be ranked with respect to one another; ex. primary cortex, secondary cortex, and association cortex perform progressively more detailed analyses.

Front 5

Sensation

Back 5

Process of detecting the presence of stimuli.

Front 6

Perception

Back 6

Higher-order process of integrating, recognizing, and interpreting complex patterns of sensations.

Front 7

Functional Segregation

Back 7

Organization into different areas, each of which performs a different function; ex. in sensory systems, different areas of secondary and association cortex analyze different aspects of the same sensory stimulus.

Front 8

Parallel Processing

Back 8

Simultaneous analysis of a signal in different ways by the parallel pathways of a neural network.

Front 9

Fourier Analysis

Back 9

Mathematical procedure for breaking down a complex wave form (eg. EEG signal) into component sine waves of varying freq.

Front 10

Tympanic Membrane

Back 10

Ear drum.

Front 11

Ossicles

Back 11

Three small bones of the middle ear; malleus, incus and stapes.

Front 12

Oval Window

Back 12

Membrane that transfers vibrations from ossicles to fluid of cochlea.

Front 13

Cochlea

Back 13

Long, coiled tube in inner ear, filled with fluid and contains Organ of Corti and its auditory receptors.

Front 14

Organ of Corti

Back 14

Auditory receptor organ, comprising basilar membrane, hair cells and tectorial membrane.

Front 15

Hair Cells

Back 15

Receptors of the auditory system.

Front 16

Basilar Membrane

Back 16

Membrane of Organ of Corti, in which hair cell receptors are embedded.

Front 17

Tectorial Membrane

Back 17

Cochlear membrane that rests on the hair cells.

Front 18

Auditory Nerve

Back 18

Branch of cranial nerve VIII that carries auditory signals from the hair cells in the basilar membrane.

Front 19

Retinotopic

Back 19

Organized, like the primary visual cortex, according to a map of the retina.

Front 20

Tonotopic

Back 20

Organized, like the primary auditory cortex, according to the frequency of sound.

Front 21

Semicircular Canals

Back 21

Receptive organs of the vestibular system.

Front 22

Vestibular System

Back 22

Sensory system that detects changes in direction and intensity of head movements; contributes to the maintenance of balance through its output to the motor system.

Front 23

Superior Olives

Back 23

Medullary nuclei that play a role in sound localization.

Front 24

Inferior Colliculi

Back 24

Structures of the tectum, receive auditory input from superior olives.

Front 25

Medial Geniculate Nuclei

Back 25

Auditory thalamic nuclei that receive input from inferior colliculi; project to primary auditory cortex.

Front 26

Tinnitus

Back 26

Ringing in the earsé