Ch. 7 The Respiratory System

Front 1

Anoxia

Back 1

Is the absence of oxygen from the body's tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood. If anoxia continues for more than 4-6 minutes, irreversible brain damage can occur.

Front 2

Asphyxia

Back 2

Is the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function.. Asphyxia can be caused by chocking , suffocation, drowning, or inhaling gases such as carbon monoxide.

Front 3

Asthma

Back 3

Is a chronic inflammation disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction. Is characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Front 4

Atelectasis

Back 4

Or collapsed lung, is the incomplete expansion or part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.

Front 5

Bronchoscopy

Back 5

Is the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope. A bronchoscope is a flexible, fiber-optic device that is passed through the nose or mouth and down the airways. It can be used for operative procedures, such as a tissue repair or the removal of a foreign object.

Front 6

Bronchospasm

Back 6

Is a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut.

Front 7

Cyanosis

Back 7

Is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood.

Front 8

Dysphonia

Back 8

Is a difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or cracking of a boy's voice during puberty.

Front 9

Dyspnea

Back 9

Also known as shortness of breath is difficult or labored breathing. Shortness of breath is frequently one of the first symptoms of heart failure. It can also be caused by strenuous physical exertion or due to lung damage that produces dyspnea even at rest.

Front 10

Empyema

Back 10

Refers to a collection of pus in a body cavity.

Front 11

Epistaxis

Back 11

Also known as a nose bleed, is bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure.

Front 12

Emphysema

Back 12

Is the progressive, long-term loss of lung function,usually due to smoking. Emphysema is characterized by (1) a decrease in the total number of alveoli. (2) the enlargement of the remaining alveoli, and (3) the progressive destruction of the walls of these remaining alveoli.

Front 13

Hypopnea

Back 13

Is shallow or slow respiration. Hypopnea is the opposite of hyperpnea.

Front 14

Mediastinum

Back 14

Is the middle section of the chest cavity and is located between the lungs. This cavity contains connective tissue and organs, including the heart and its veins and arteries,the esophagus, trachea, bronchi,the thymus gland, and lymph nodes.

Front 15

Nebulizer

Back 15

Is an electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into mist, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouthpiece.

Front 16

Pneumoconiosis

Back 16

Is any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact.

Front 17

Pneumonectomy

Back 17

Is the surgical removal of all or part of a lung.

Front 18

Polysomnography

Back 18

Also known as a sleep study, measures physiological activity during sleep and is often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea.

Front 19

Pneumothorax

Back 19

Is the accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse. This can have an external cause, such as a stab wound through the chest-wall, or can occur when there is lung-disease-related rupture in the pleura that allows air to leak into the pleural space.

Front 20

Tachypnea

Back 20

Is an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute. Tachypnea is the opposite of bradypnea.