Ch. 7 Democracy And Dissent

Front 1

Judiciary Act of 1789

Back 1

Established the Supreme Court and created 13 district courts to check the state courts.

Front 2

Report On Public Credit

Back 2

Stated that the United States would fund foreign and domestic obligations fully, and that the government would pay the remaining state debts.

Front 3

Report On Manufacturers

Back 3

Hamilton wanted to place protective tariffs and special industrial bounties in order to promote manufacturing of American goods, so they were not dependent on European imports.

Front 4

Jay's Treaty

Back 4

John Jay went to great Britain to negotiate a list of grievances including removal of British forts in the U.S, payment of their ships taken in the West Indies, improved commercial relations, and acceptance of the American definition of neutral rights. But Hamilton warned the British, and the terms accepted by Jay barely kept the peace and angered American citizens.

Front 5

John Jay

Back 5

Federalist who negotiated Jay's Treaty and was highly disliked for its failure. Seen as a traitor by many citizens.

Front 6

Implied Powers

Back 6

Some Americans believed that although the Constitution did not directly state certain terms, they were legal because it said nothing against them.

Front 7

Judicial Review

Back 7

The power of judicial courts to review the legislative and executive actions.

Front 8

Strict Construction

Back 8

An interpretation of the Constitution that allowed no implied powers or loopholes, it was interpreted word for word.

Front 9

Federalist Party

Back 9

Believed in a strong central government, central economic planning, maintenance of public order, and strong ties with Great Britain. Ex: Alexander Hamilton

Front 10

Pinckney Treaty

Back 10

See Treaty Of San Lorenzo

Front 11

Whiskey Rebellion

Back 11

Men in Pennsylvania who distilled whiskey to make money, rebelled in 1794 against an excise tax placed in 1791. The governor took no action, so Washington took the militia to quell the rebellion. When they arrived, no trace of the rebels was left.

Front 12

Alexander Hamilton

Back 12

Federalist, and part of Washington's cabinet, who was extremely involved in government. He wrote up three different economic reforms, and schemed against his Republican enemies.

Front 13

Henry Knox

Back 13

Revolutionary veteran who was Washington's Secretary of War.

Front 14

Edmund Randolph

Back 14

Washington's part-time attorney general.

Front 15

James Madison

Back 15

Republican who fought against a restriction on presidential authority. He also disapproved of Hamilton's economic reforms.

Front 16

Charles Pinckney

Back 16

One of the delegates involved in the XYZ Affair. Also obtained the Treaty of San Lorenzo.

Front 17

General Anthony Wayne

Back 17

Fought against the Native Americans. Most notable battle won was the Battle of Fallen Timbers, which led to the Treaty Of Grenville.

Front 18

John Marshall

Back 18

One of the midnight judges who was chief justice for 34 years.

Front 19

Washington's Farewell Address

Back 19

Written by Hamilton and Madison, stated the danger of political faction and getting entangled in foreign affairs.

Front 20

Thomas Jefferson

Back 20

Republican who was first Washington's Secretary of State, then Vice President, and finally the 3rd President of the U.S.

Front 21

XYZ Affair

Back 21

American Delegates were sent to France to negotiate, but were met by three intermediates(named X, Y, and Z). They demanded a $250,000 bribe, plus millions in loans, just to allow the delegates to speak with their minister of foreign affairs.

Front 22

Naturalization Law

Back 22

Meant primarily to keep Federalist powers, it stated that immigrants had to wait 14 years before becoming American citizens.

Front 23

Election of 1786

Back 23

John Adams became the 2nd president of the U.S, despite Hamilton's plotting, along with Thomas Jefferson as the Vice President.

Front 24

Election of 1800

Back 24

Also called the Peaceful Revolution, caused much tension between political parties. Thomas Jefferson won over Adams.

Front 25

Quasi-War

Back 25

Hostilities between France and America, when French began to seize American ships because they believed the Americans had sided with Britain in the French Revolution.

Front 26

Convention of Montefontaine

Back 26

Agreement between France and America that declared treaties of 1778 void and removed restrictions on commerce.

Front 27

Treaty Of Grenville

Back 27

Signed by the Indians, giving the Americans much of present day Ohio.

Front 28

Treaty Of San Lorenzo

Back 28

Spanish offered Pinckney the opening of the Mississippi, the right to deposit goods in New Orleans without paying taxes, a southern boundary of the 31st parallel, and they promised to stay out of Indian affairs.

Front 29

Alien and Sedition Acts

Back 29

Alien Enemies Law: Gave the President wartime power to detain or deport foreigners from nations the U.S was at war with.
Alien Law: President could expel any foreigner by executive decree.
Naturalization Law: 14 year time limit on citizenship
Sedition Law: Any criticism of U.S. government was criminal.

Front 30

Virginia Resolution

Back 30

Written by Madison, they urged states to defend citizens rights, but were against the idea of state legislature should have authority over federal laws.

Front 31

Kentucky Resolution

Back 31

Jefferson believed that the powers not specifically given to the federal government in the Constitution should automatically go to the states.