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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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critical elections
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electoral "earthquake" where new issues emerge, new coalitions form; marked by a national crisis
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party realignment
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displacement of a majority party by a minority party, usually during a critical election period
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PAC
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political action committee- political funding vehicles created by 1974 campaign finance reforms
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primaries (3 types)
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open- voters can decide on election day which party to vote for
closed- voters have to register in advance to vote for a certain party blanket- voters are given a list of all candidates from all parties |
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party dealignment
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more people do not identify themselves as part of a certain party
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linkage instutions
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channels through which people's concerns become part of the policy agenda (interest groups, media, parties, elections)
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liberal v. conservative beliefs
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LIBERAL- spend less on military, tax rich more, govt. regulates economy
CONSERVATIVE- military, oppose affirmative action, take severe action against criminals |
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political socialization
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the process through which an individual acquires his particular political orientations (through media, parents, school)
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types of interest groups (4)
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economic, environmental, equality, public interest
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public interest group
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seek a collective good that does not solely benefit the members of that group
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straight v. split ticket voting
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straight- voting for the same party
split- voting for candidates of different parties on the same ticket |
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party eras
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1796-1824: first party system (feds v. dem-reps)
1828-1856: Jackson + dems v. whigs 1860-1928: Repub. eras (Lincoln, McKinley) 1932-1964: New Deal Coalition (societal programs) 1968-present: divided party government |
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Polling
pros v. cons |
PRO- policymakers can keep in touch with changing opinions on issues
CONS- makes politicians more concerned with following, not leading; can distort election process through bandwagon effect |
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winner-take-all system
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legislative seats are awarded only to candidates who come in first in their constituencies; winner of pop. vote in state gets all electoral votes
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census
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tool for understanding demographic changes; reapportionment and minority majority
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difference between parties and interest groups
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policy generalists v. policy specialists!
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