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49 Cards in this Set

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vitamin deficiency
avitaminosis
abnormal condition resulting from consumption of high or excessive amounts of one or more vitamins, usually over an extended period
hypervitaminosis
fat soluble vitamins
A,D,E, and K
water soluble vitamins
Vitamin C and Vitamin B
sources of vitamin A
fish liver oil, liver, butter, darkly colored fruit, green leavy vegetables, milk
confusion, irritation, diarrhea, dizziness, visual alterations, skin peeling, severe vomiting, bone pain, dry/cracked skin, fever increased urination, anorexia, hair loss, seizures,liver toxicity. teratogenic effects
Adverse effects of vitamin A
sources of Vitamin D
fish liver oil, fortified milk products, fortified cereals, fatty fish,exposure to sunlight
constipation, diarrhea, headache, increased thirst and urination, metallic taste, nausea, voimiting
adverse effects of vitamin D
night blindness, xerophthalmia, keratomalacia, skin lesions
deficiency effects of vitamin A
Bone-muscle pain, pain, weakness, and softening of the bones that may result in fractures
deficiency effects of vitamin D
sources of vitamin E
nuts, green leafy vegetables, wheat and rice germ
visual disturbances, headache, nausea, stomach pain, weakness, blurred vision, Increased bleeding tendencies, altered thyroid metabolism, impaired sexual function
adverse effects of vitamin E
hyporeflexia, ataxia, myopathy, anemia; may increase cancer risk
deficiency effects of vitamin K
sources of B 12
cyanocobalamin
fortified cereals, meat, fish, poultry
no toxicity
Cyanocobalamin (B12)
Irreversible nervous system damage, memory loss, confusion, dementia, abnormal hematopoiesis
deficiency effects of cyanocobalamin (B12)
sources of vitamin K
green leafy vegetables, liver
hypersensitivity ( flushing, dyspnea, chest pain) taste alterations
vitamin k adverse effects
sources of niacin
meat eggs mild dairy products
flushing pruritus feelings of warmth, dizziness, dysrhythmias, dry skin, hyperglycemia, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
adverse effects of niacin
skin eruptions, stomatitis, diarrhea, enteritis, headache, dizziness, insomnia, memory impairment, dementia
deficiency effects of niacin
sources of Pyridoxine
liver, meats, whole grain breads and cereals, soybeans, eggs, vegetables
low toxicity, neurotoxicity-ataxia, numb feet, clumsiness
adverse effects of pyridoxine
seborrhea like skin lesions, stomatitis, seizures, peripheral neuritis
deficiency effects of pyridoxine
sources of Riboflavin (B2)
milk cheese eggs green leafy vegetables whole grain and enriched cereals and breads, organ meats
low toxicity
Riboflavin and Thiamine
sore throat; stomatitis; red, painful of swollen tongue; facial dermatitis; anemia
deficiency effects of Riboflavin
sources of thiamine (B1)
whole grain and enriched cereals, beef, pork, peas, beans and nuts
peripheral neuritis, loss of muscle strength, depression, memory loss, anorexia, poor memory, dyspnea
deficiency effects of thiamine
sources of folic acid
enriched cereal grains, dark leafy vegetables, enriched and whole grain breads, ready to eat cereals
allergic reaction, red skin, fever, skin rash, pruritus
adverse effects of folic acid
megaloblastic anemia
deficiency effects of folic acid
sources of vitamin C
Citrus fruits, tomatoes, potatoes, straberries cabbage
kidney stones, dizziness, diarrhea, red skin, headache nausea, vomiting
adverse effects of vitamin C
scurvy (loosening of teeth, gingivitis), anemia; infants: irritability, pain if touched
deficiency effects of vitamin C
growth promoting vitamin, essential for development of bones and teeth, normal function of the retinal and for health maintenance of all ages
Vitamin A
necessary for the absorption and use of calcium and phosphorus in the body and for the normal calcification of bone. absence of this may result in rickets disease
Vitamin D
necessary for carbohydrate metabolism
thiamine
confusion, psychosis, tachycardia, palpitations, neuropathy, ataxia, nystagmus
seen with thiamine
glycongenolysis, tissue respiration, and lipid protein and purine metabolism
niacin
where is niacin obsorbed
orally
large doses may cause sensory neuropathy, which affects gait and causes numbness of the hands and feet
pyridoxine
diarrhea (often with blood) fever, severe abdominal cramps/pain and vomiting
early signs of iron overdose
pale, cold skin, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, metabolic acidosis, seizures, increased weakness,sedation, cyanosis, cardiovascular colapse
later signs of iron overdose
these contraindicate the use of iron
hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis, porphyria
this causes an excess deposition of iron in the tissues, skin pigmentation, cirrhosis of the liver, and decreased carbohydrate tolerance
hemochromatosis
an increase in tissue iron stores without associated tissue damage
hemosiderosis
caused by an excess accumulation of iron in the liver
porphyria
used for nutritional deficiencies
thiamine