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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemical reaction |
the process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are reorganized into different substances |
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reactants |
On the left side of the equation are the starting substances |
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products |
On the right side of the equation are the substances formed during the reaction |
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activation energy |
The minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction |
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catalyst |
a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction; it does not getused up in the reaction |
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Enzymes |
special proteins are biological catalysts; they speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the body |
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substrates |
The reactants that bind to the enzyme |
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active site |
The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme |
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polar molecules |
Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges |
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hydrogen bond |
a weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom |
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mixture |
a combination of two or more substances in which each substance keeps its individual characteristics and properties |
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solvent |
a substance in which another substance is dissolved |
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solute |
the substance that is dissolved in the solvent |
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acids |
Substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
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bases |
Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH– ) when dissolved in water |
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pH |
The measure of concentration of H+ in a solution |
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Buffers |
mixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a certain range |
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homogeneous |
mixture that has the same composition throughout |
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heterogeneous |
mixture whose parts remain distinct; not the same throughout |
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solution |
an example of a homogenous mixture |
