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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who were the patriots
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Americans who supported independence
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what were some loyalists advantages
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Strongest navy in world
An experienced well-trained army Wealth of a worldwide empire Larger population that US |
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what colonies had the most loyalists?
the least? |
The Carolinas and Georgia
New England |
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what is another name for a loyalist
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Tories
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what are loyalists
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those who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence
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why did loyalists support Britain?
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Members of the Anglican Chrurch, headed by the British king
Depended on British for their jobs Feared the disorder that would come from challenging the government Didn't understand why there was a rebellion |
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what were some patriot disadvantages
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Lacked regular army and Navy
Lacked experience lacked volunteer militia lacked ammunition lacked weapons lacked unified support because some people were neutral |
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The Quakers were neutral in the war. what does neutral mean
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taking neither side in the conflict
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what were some patriot advantages
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Fought on own ground with determination while British had to fight on faraway land and had to ship soldiers and supplies thousands of miles away
Personal stake in battle while British while the British relied on mercenaries to fight War might have taken a different turn without George Washington their leader |
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mercenaries
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hired soldiers to fight
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The Americans were unwilling to to transfer power to their own Continental Congress. What happened as a result?
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There were "13 separate wars" with each state pursuing its own interests
Congress had trouble enlisting soldiers and raising money |
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The congress established the Continental Army but depended on the states to recruit soldiers. what does recruit mean?
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enlist
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Why did the Americans need an army ?
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they needed well-trained soldiers who could fight anywhere in the colonies
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How are Margaret Corbin(Molly Pitcher) and Deborah Sampson the same
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Both are women who fought with the Patriot forces
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who was Margaret Corbin(Molly Pitcher)
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Accompanied husband when he joined the army. After he died in battke , she took his place. Called moll of pitcher because she served pitchers of water to the soldiers
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who was Deborah Sampson
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Disguised herself as a man and enlisted in war
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why did many African Americans side with the British
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offered freedom
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During the summer of 1776 Britian sent 32,000 to New York. Who was the British commander that hoped the sheer size of his army would convince the Patriots to give up ?
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General William Howe
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when did the Battle of Long Island occur?
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August 1776
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why did the contininetal army suffer a serious defeat at the Battle of Long Island ?
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They were outnumbered and outmaneuvered
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why did Washington retreat the Battle of Long Island?
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ran short of supplies
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who is Nathan Hale?
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Teacher who volunteeted to spy on British troops disguised as a Dutch schoolteacher, but he was discovered and hung
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In the Winter of 1776-1777, the Patriots cause was near collapse. How had the size of the Continental Army dwindled?
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Some soldiers completed their service and went home
Others ran away |
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George Washington pleaded with the Congress for more troops. who did he ask to enlist? why did it not go through?
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Free African Americans
Many white southerners felt uncomfortable about giving guns to African Americans and allowing then to serve as soldiers. They feared a revolt. |
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who had the 1st all-African American regiment? when?
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1778
Rhode Island |
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Every state except which one eventually enlisted African Americans to fight ?
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South Carolina
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Historians estimate that how many Africans joined the Patriots? who were some that joined the patriot cause ?
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5000
Lemuel Hayes and Peter Salem fought at Concord |
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The British army settled in New York for the winter of 1776 leaving some in New Jersey at Trenton and Princeton. How did Washington catch the British off guard ?
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sailed across the icy Deleware river on December 25, 1776 to surprise the British in the morning
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What happened as a result of Washington's surprise attack?
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Americans capture 900 Hessians
American victory at Trenton |
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The British sent Cornwallis as reinforcement so what did Washington do?
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Avoided Cornwallis' men
Marched to Princeton Drove away the British |
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what was the 1777 British plan for victory?
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To take Albany, New York and gain control of the Hudson River, thus separating New England from the Middle Colonies
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The 1777 British plan for victory involved a three-pronged attack from who?
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Gen. John Burgoyne from Canada
Lt. Col. Barry St. Ledger from Lake Ontario Gen. Howe from New York three British forces would meet at Albany and destroy Patriot troops |
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Howe planned to take Philadelphia before marching to Albany. when does Howe capture Philadelphia? what happens as a result?
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in Sept 1777 at Brandywine and Paoli
Continental Congress forced to flee |
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when does the Battle at Germantown occur? What happens?
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October 1777
Washington attacked main British camp but was forced to withdraw |
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what happened as a result of George Washington attacking at Germantown?
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How's postponed the move north to Albany and decided to spend the winter in Philadelphia
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What do the Patriots do to slow St.Ledger on his way to Albany?
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American soldiers halted St.Ledger and Benedict Arnold forced him to retreat.
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what do the patriots do to slow Gen. Burgoyne on his way to Albany?
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Burgoyne's wagons of luxury goods caused him to move slowly and the Americans chopped down trees to block their path.
Burgoyne needed supplies so he sent some troops to attack supply base in Vermont. Bright red uniforms made easy targets for Green Mountain Boys Burgoyne retreated in October to Saratoga in New York. |
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At Saratoga, Burgoyne expected Gen. How's and St. Ledger help but they didn't come yet. where we're they?
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Howe in Philadelphia
St. Ledger stopped |
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With no help Gen. Burgoyne
was surrounded by an army 3x bigger than his own. Gen. Horatio Gates blkcked his path. What happened as a result? |
On October 17, 1777 Gen. Burgoyne surrenedered
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Why did Geroge Washington read words from The American Crisis to his troops?
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to inspire them to continue the fight for independence
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who said I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country?
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Nathan Hale
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Who wrote Common Sense
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Thomas Paine
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