Ch. 6: Diagnostic Terms

Front 1

ankylosis

Back 1

stiff joint condition

Front 2

arthritis

Back 2

inflammation of the joints. More than 100 types.

Front 3

osteoarthritis, degenerative arthritis, degernative join disease (DJD)

Back 3

most common form that affects weight bearing joins (knee, hip). Know by erosion of articular cartiledge

Front 4

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Back 4

most crippling form characterized by chronic, systemic inflammation most often affecting joins and synovial membranes (in hands and feet) cause ankylosis (stiff joints) and deformity

Front 5

gouty arthritis

Back 5

acute attacks in a single join caused by hyperuricemia (excessive uric acid in the blood)

Front 6

bony necrosis, sequestrum

Back 6

dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply, i.e. can occur after a fracture (sequestrum = something laid aside)

Front 7

bunion

Back 7

swelling of the join at the base of the great toe caused by bursa inflammation

Front 8

bursitis

Back 8

inflammation of a bursa

Front 9

carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 9

compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist, pain numbness, and tingling in wrist and fingers, weak grip, result of trauma

Front 10

chondromalacia

Back 10

softening of cartiledge

Front 11

epiphysitis

Back 11

inflammation of epiphyseal regions of the long bone

Front 12

fracture (Fx)

Back 12

broken or cracked bone

Front 13

closed fracture

Back 13

broken bone with no open wound

Front 14

open fracture

Back 14

compund fracture; broken bone with open wound

Front 15

simple fracture

Back 15

nondisplaced fracture involving one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair

Front 16

complex fracture

Back 16

displaced fracture that requires manipulation or surgery to repair

Front 17

fracture line

Back 17

line made by broken bone

Front 18

comminuted fracture

Back 18

broken in many little pieces

Front 19

greenstick fracture

Back 19

bending and incomplete break of a bone: seen commonly in children

Front 20

herniated disk or disc

Back 20

protrustion of a degenerative or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root

Front 21

myeloma

Back 21

bone marrow tumor

Front 22

myositis

Back 22

inflammation of muscle

Front 23

myoma

Back 23

muscle tumor

Front 24

leiomyoma

Back 24

smooth muscle tumor

Front 25

leiomyosarcoma

Back 25

malignant smooth muscle tumor

Front 26

rhabdomyoma

Back 26

skeletal muscle tumor

Front 27

rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 27

malignant skeletal muscle tumor

Front 28

muscular dystrophy

Back 28

genetically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles (Duchenne's type)

Front 29

osteoma

Back 29

bone tumor

Front 30

osteocarcoma

Back 30

type of malignant bone tumor

Front 31

osteomalacia

Back 31

disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency

Front 32

rickets

Back 32

osteomalacia in children (causes bone deformity)

Front 33

osteomyelitis

Back 33

infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation

Front 34

osteoporosis

Back 34

condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, making bones brittle and more likely to fracture

Front 35

spinal curvatures--kyphosis

Back 35

abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine

Front 36

spinal curvatures--lordosis

Back 36

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine

Front 37

scoliosis

Back 37

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Front 38

spondylolisthesis

Back 38

forward slipping of a lumbar vertebra (listhesis = slipping)

Front 39

spondylosis

Back 39

stiff, immobile condition of vertebrae due to join degeneration

Front 40

sprain

Back 40

injury to ligament caused by join trauma but without join dislocation or fracture

Front 41

subluxation

Back 41

a partial dislocation (luxation = dislocation)

Front 42

tendinitis, tendonitis

Back 42

inflammation of a tendon