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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the four components of the skeletal system
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bones
cartilage tendons ligaments |
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Name the five functions of the skeletal system
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protection
movement support storage- fats & minerals; calcium & phosphorus |
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Cartilage
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FIrm, smooth, resilient, nonvascular tissue
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Name the three types of cartilage
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hyaline cartilage *most bones develop from this
fibrocartilage elastic cartilage |
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hyaline cartilage
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consists of specialized cells that produce a matrix surrounding the cells
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chondroblasts
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cells that produce more cartilage
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chondrocyte
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a rounded cell that occupies a space called lucuna within the matrix- (when matrix surrounds the chondroblasts they become chondrocytes)
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matrix
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the matrix contains collagen = strength and proteoglycans = make cartilage resilient by trapping water
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proteoglycans
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macromolecule consisting of numerous polusaccharides attached to a common protien carrier.
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perichondrium
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a double layered connective tissue sheath covering most cartilage
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Describe the outer layer of the perichondrium
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a dense irregular connective tissue containing fibroblasts
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fibroblasts
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spindle-shaped or stellate cells that form connective tissue
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Describe the inner layer of the perichondrium
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more delicate layer has fewer fibers & contains chondroblasts
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chondroblasts
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cells that produce more cartilage
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Blood vessels & nerves penetrate the outer layer of the perichondrium but ______ enter the cartilage of the matrix
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do not
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How do the nutrients get into the cell?
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they must difuse thru the cartilage matrix to reach the chondrocytes
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Articular Cartilage
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cartilage covering the ends of bones where they come together to form joints has no perichondrium, blood vessels, or nerves
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Name & describe the two different ways cartilage grows
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appositional growth- chondroblasts in the perichondrium lay down new matrix and add new chondrocytes
iterstitial growth - chondrocytes within the tissue divide and add more matrix between the cells |
