Ch: 6

Front 1

Articles of confederation

Back 1

a written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states; it provided a legal symbol of their union by giving the central government no coercive power over the states or their citizens

Front 2

Land ordinance of 1785

Back 2

The Land Ordinance of 1785 was adopted by the United States Congress on May 20, 1785. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress did not have the power to raise revenue by direct taxation of the inhabitants of the United States

Front 3

Northwest ordinance

Back 3

The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom Ordinance) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States

Front 4

Constitutional Convention

Back 4

the convention of United States statesmen who drafted the United States Constitution in 1787

Front 5

Theory of State sovereignty

Back 5

Foreign governments recognize the sovereignty of a state over a territory, or refuse to do so.

Front 6

State constitutions

Back 6

In the United States, each state has its own constitution.

Front 7

Society of Cincinnati

Back 7

The Society of the Cincinnati is an historic organization with branches in the United States and France founded in 1783 to preserve the ideals and fellowship of the Revolutionary War officers and to pressure the government to honor pledges it had made to officers who fought for American

Front 8

San Souci Club

Back 8

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Front 9

Primogeniture

Back 9

The law of the first-born. Under this law, the eldest son inherits everything on the death of his father.

Front 10

John Woolman

Back 10

was an itinerant Quaker preacher, traveling throughout the American colonies, advocating against conscription, military taxation, and particularly slavery.

Front 11

Federalists number ten

Back 11

Madison discusses the means of preventing rule by majority faction and advocates an extended republic, is generally regarded as the most important of the 85 articles from a philosophical perspective

Front 12

Shays rebellion

Back 12

Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion is named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, known as "Shaysites" or "Regulators"

Front 13

Virginia Plan

Back 13

The Virginia Plan (also known as the Randolph Plan, after its sponsor, or Large-State Plan) was a proposal by Virginia delegates, drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787.

Front 14

Committee of detail

Back 14

The Committee of Detail was a committee established by the Philadelphia Convention on June 23, 1787 to put down a draft text reflecting the agreements made by the Convention up to that point, including the Virginia Plan's 15 resolutions

Front 15

Nationalists
vs.
Localists

Back 15

Nationalism generally involves the identification of an ethnic identity with a state
vs.
Localism describes a range of political philosophies which prioritize the local.

Front 16

Federalists
vs.
Anti-Federalists

Back 16

a member of a former political party in the United States that favored a strong centralized federal government
vs.
an individual who opposed the ratification of the new constitution in 1787. The Anti-federalists were opposed to a strong central government.

Front 17

Jay-Gardoqui Treaty

Back 17

The Jay–Gardoqui Treaty of 1786 between the United States and Spain guaranteed Spain's exclusive right to navigate the Mississippi River for 25 years

Front 18

Federalists number 84

Back 18

notable for presenting the idea that a Bill of Rights was not a necessary component of the proposed United States Constitution

Front 19

Montesquieu

Back 19

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers

Front 20

3/5 compromise

Back 20

The Three-Fifths compromise was a compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for enumeration purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives.

Front 21

William Paterson

Back 21

was a New Jersey statesman, a signer of the U.S. Constitution, and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, who served as the 2nd governor of New Jersey, from 1790 to 1793.

Front 22

Republican

Back 22

the political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government

Front 23

Benjamin Banneker

Back 23

was a free African American astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, almanac author and farmer.

Front 24

Phyllis Wheatley

Back 24

American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America

Front 25

Society for the relief of free Negros

Back 25

Unlawfully Held in Bondage was the first American abolition society

Front 26

Henry Knox

Back 26

an American bookseller from Boston who became the chief artillery officer of the Continental Army and later the nation's first secretary of war.

Front 27

New Jersey Plan

Back 27

proposal presented by New Jersey delegates at the 1787 Constitutional Convention which recommended that Congress be unicameral, and that all states be equally represented in Congress. Small states developed the proposal to counter the Virginia Plan

Front 28

Bill of rights

Back 28

First ten amendments to the constitution

Front 29

Robert Morris

Back 29

leader of the American Revolution who signed the Declaration of Independence and raised money for the Continental Army (1734-1806)

Front 30

John Jay

Back 30

was an American lawyer and diplomat, son of William Jay and a grandson of Chief Justice John Jay.

Front 31

James Madison

Back 31

4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights

Front 32

Governor Morris

Back 32

was an American statesman, a Founding Father of the United States, and a native of New York who represented Pennsylvania in the Constitutional Convention of 1787.