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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articles of Confederation
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the first constitution of the United States of America and specified how the national government was to operate.
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Land Ordinance 1785
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the immediate goal of the ordinance was to raise money through the sale of land in the largely unmapped territory west of the original states acquired at the 1783 peace treaty that ended the Revolutionary War.
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NW Ordinance
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an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States. The primary effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River.
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Constitutional Convention
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took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing the United States of America, which had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from Great Britain.
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Theory of State Sovereignty
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Strongly supported by Antifederalists/ States would individually control their inhabitants rather than one central government
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Society of the Cincinnati
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a historic organization with branches in the United States and France founded in 1783 to preserve the ideals and fellowship of the Revolutionary War officers and to pressure the government to honor pledges it had made to officers who fought for American independence.
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Primogeniture
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is the right, by law or custom, of the first-born to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings.
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John Woolman
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was an itinerant Quaker preacher, traveling throughout the American colonies, advocating against conscription, military taxation, and particularly slavery.
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Federalist 10
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an essay written by James Madison and the tenth of the Federalist Papers, a series arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution.
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Shays Rebellion
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an armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion is named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, known as "Shaysites" or "Regulators". Most of Shays' compatriots were poor farmers angered by crushing debt and taxes. Failure to repay such debts often resulted in imprisonment in debtor's prisons or the claiming of property by the government.
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Virginia Plan
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a proposal by Virginia delegates, drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787.[2][3] The Virginia Plan was notable for its role in setting the overall agenda for debate in the convention and, in particular, for setting forth the idea of population-weighted representation in the proposed national legislature.
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Committee of Detail
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a committee established by the Philadelphia Convention on June 23, 1787 to put down a draft text reflecting the agreements made by the Convention up to that point, including the Virginia Plan's 15 resolutions.
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Nationalists vs.Localists
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Nationalists- a group of individuals with a political entity defined in national terms, i.e. a nation. Often, it is the belief that an ethnic group has a right to statehood,[1] or that citizenship in a state should be limited to one ethnic group, or that multinationality in a single state should necessarily comprise the right to express and exercise national identity even by minorities. Localsits-supports local production and consumption of goods, local control of government, and local culture and identity.
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Feds vs. AF
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Federalsits- supported Constitution
Antifederalists- opposed Constitution |
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Jay Gordoqui Treaty
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guaranteed Spain's exclusive right to navigate the Mississippi River for 25 years. It also opened Spain's European and West Indian seaports to American shipping.
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Federalist 84
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an essay entitled "Certain General and Miscellaneous Objections to the Constitution Considered and Answered," is one of the Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton, published under the pseudonym Publius on May 28, 1788.
Federalist No. 84 is notable for presenting the idea that a Bill of Rights was not a necessary component of the proposed United States Constitution. |
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Montesqieu-The Spirit of the Laws
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a treatise on political theory first published anonymously by Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu in 1748 with the help of Claudine Guérin de Tencin.
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3/5 Compromise
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compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for enumeration purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives. It was proposed by delegates James Wilson and Roger Sherman.
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William Paterson
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was a New Jersey statesman, a signer of the U.S. Constitution, and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, who served as the 2nd governor of New Jersey, from 1790 to 1793.
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Republican
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the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party.
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Benjamin Benneker
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was a free African American astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, almanac author and farmer.
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Phyllis Wheatley
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nslaved at the age of eight, is widely known as the first African-American woman in United States' history to have her poetry published.
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Society for the Relief of Free Negros
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he first American abolition society. It was initially formed April 14, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and held four meetings.[1] It was reorganized in 1784.[2] as the Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage[3], and was incorporated in 1789. At some point after 1785, Benjamin Franklin became the organization's president.
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Henry Knox
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a military officer of the Continental Army and later the United States Army, and also served as the first United States Secretary of War.
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Letters from a farmer in PA
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a series of essays written by the Pennsylvania lawyer and legislator John Dickinson (1732–1808) and published under the name "A Farmer" from 1767 to 1768. The twelve letters were widely read and reprinted throughout the thirteen colonies, and were important in uniting the colonists against the Townshend Acts.
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NJ Plan
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a proposal for the structure of the United States Government proposed by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787.[1] The plan was created in response to the Virginia Plan's call for two houses of Congress, both elected with apportionment according to population or direct taxes paid.[2] The less populous states were adamantly opposed to giving most of the control of the national government to the larger states, and so proposed an alternate plan that would have given one vote per state for equal representation under one legislative body
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Anti-Feds
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did not want to ratify the Constitution.
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Bill of Rights
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the name by which the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known.[1] They were introduced by James Madison to the First United States Congress in 1789 as a series of legislative articles, and came into effect as Constitutional Amendments on December 15, 1791, through the process of ratification by three-fourths of the States.
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Robert Morris
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n American merchant, and signer of the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the United States Constitution.
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John Jay
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an American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, a Founding Father of the United States, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789 - 95).
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James Madison
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an American politician and political philosopher who served as the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817) and is considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
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Gov. Morris
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an American statesman, a Founding Father of the United States, and a native of New York who represented Pennsylvania in the Constitutional Convention of 1787. He was also an author of large sections of the Constitution of the United States and one of its "signers". He is widely credited as the author of the document's preamble: "We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union ... " and has been called the 'Penman of the Constitution."
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Status of Slavery
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North- In favor of abolishment
South- At first in favor of abolishment, economic benefits changed this |
