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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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conservation biology |
which seeks to preserve life, integrates several fields |
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5 fields of conservation biology |
ecology physiology molecular biology genetics evolutionary biology |
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3 main components |
genetic diversity species diversity ecosystem diversity |
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endangered species |
“in danger of becoming extinct throughout all or a significant portion of its range” |
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threatened species |
likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future |
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ecosystem services |
encompass all the processes through which natural ecosystems and their species help sustain human life |
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4 major species threats |
habitat loss introduced species overharvesting global change |
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ecosystem services examples |
purification of air and water detoxification and decomposition of wastes cycling of nutrients moderation of weather extremes |
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introduced species |
those that humans move from native locations to new geographic regions |
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2 main approaches for biologists focusing on conservation at population and species levels |
small-population approach declining-population approach |
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extinction vortex |
small population is prone to inbreeding and genetic drift key factor driving is loss of the genetic variation |
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minimum viable population (MVP) |
the minimum population size at which a species can survive |
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effective population size |
A meaningful estimate of MVP requires determining the ________, which is based on the population’s breeding potential |
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the declining-population approach involves several steps |
Confirm that the population is in decline Study the species’ natural history Develop hypotheses for all possible causes of decline Test the hypotheses in order of likeliness Apply the results of the diagnosis to manage for recovery |
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movement corridor |
a narrow strip of habitat connecting otherwise isolated patches |
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biodiversity hot spot |
a relatively small area with a great concentration of endemic species and many endangered and threatened species |
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zoned reserve model |
recognizes that conservation often involves working in landscapes that are largely human dominated |
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urban ecology |
examines organisms and their environment in urban settings |
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Human-caused changes in the environment include |
nutrient enrichment accumulation of toxins climate change ozone depletion |
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critical load |
the amount of added nutrient that can be absorbed by plants without damaging ecosystem integrity |
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biological magnification |
concentrates toxins at higher trophic levels, where biomass is lower |
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greenhouse effect |
CO2, water vapor, and other greenhouse gases reflect infrared radiation back toward Earth |
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assisted migration |
the translocation of a species to a favorable habitat beyond its native range |
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Rachel Carson |
brought attention to the biomagnification of DDT in birds in her book Silent Spring in the 1960s, DDT banned in 1971 |
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sustainable development |
development that meets the needs of people today without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their needs |
