Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the amdr of lipids |
20-35% of daily calories |
|
|
how much E do lipids yield |
9kcal/gram |
|
|
what % should omega 6s be of our diet |
5% of kcal |
|
|
what % should omega 3s be of our diet |
.6-1.2% |
|
|
no more than what % should come from polyunsaturated fatty acids |
10% |
|
|
what is the role of triglycerides |
E storage (in fat cells); insulate body/cushion organs; aid in absorption and transport of fat-solube vitamins |
|
|
composition of phospholipids |
hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail |
|
|
where are phospholipids in a cell |
cell membranes; micelles |
|
|
can we make our own phospholipids? |
yes; not an essential nutrient |
|
|
lecithins |
found in eggs; used for emulsification in cooking (baking, mayo) |
|
|
where do sterols come from |
animal based foods only |
|
|
can plants make sterols |
yes, some other types |
|
|
what is cholesterol a precursor for |
steroid hormones, bile acids, vitamin D |
|
|
can we make our own cholesterol |
yes (in liver); not a dietary essential |
|
|
are eggs high in cholesterol |
yes |
|
|
what do lipases digest |
triglycerides |
|
|
what does bile do to fats |
emulsifies fat |
|
|
what are monoglycerides and fatty acids absorbed by |
enterocytes |
|
|
what are re-assembled triglycerides packaged with |
cholesterold and proteins into chylomicrons-->lymphatic system-->join with blood stream-->deliver triglycerides to cells requiring them |
|
|
where are chylomicrons created |
enterocytes (absorptive cells of the SI) |
|
|
what is the function of chylomicrons |
deliver triglycerides to cells in the body |
|
|
how long are chylomicrons in the blood stream for |
10 hours after a meal |
|
|
VLDLs |
deliver triglicerides to cells (using receptors and lipoprotein lipase) |
|
|
where are VLDLs created |
liver from triglycerides (short/medium), cholesterol, protein |
|
|
what do VLDLs become after giving up their triglycerides to target cells |
LDLs |
|
|
what are LDLs rich in |
cholesterol |
|
|
what is the function of LDLs |
to deliver cholesterol to target cells |
|
|
route for excess LDL particles that remain in the blood |
get oxidize by free radicles-->macrophages-->consume oxidized LDL--> form arterial plaques |
|
|
is LDL considered "good" or "bad" |
bad, has levels associated with heart disease |
|
|
are HDLs considered "good" or "bad" |
good |
|
|
what is the function of HDLs |
scavenges cholesterol from dying cells, returns it to liver; helps to excrete cholesterol from the body; blocks oxidation of LDL--> reduction in arterial plaques |
|
|
what is the target total for cholesterol |
below 200mg/dl |
|
|
what is the target total for LDL |
below 100 |
|
|
what is the target total for HDL |
above 40 |
|
|
what is the target level for triglycerides |
below 100 |
|
|
what are essential fatty acids used for |
to produce eicosanoids |
|
|
what is the role of eicosanoids |
immune response, blood pressure, blood clotting |
|
|
what is omega 3 converted to |
EPA, DHA |
|
|
what is omega 6 converted to |
arachidonic acid |
|
|
what are omega 3s found in |
cold water fish, glad, canola |
|
|
what are omega 6s found in |
vegetable oils |
