Ch 5

Front 1

Abrasion

Back 1

A scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area

Front 2

Abscess

Back 2

A localized collection of pus in any part of the body

Front 3

Albino

Back 3

An individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair and skin

Front 4

Alopecia

Back 4

Partial or complete loss of hair; baldness.

Front 5

Amputation

Back 5

The surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or part of a limb. Preformed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb.

Front 6

Basal layer

Back 6

The deepest of the 5 layers of the epidermis

Front 7

Blackhead

Back 7

An open comedo caused by the accumulation of keratin and sebum w/in the opening of a hair follicle

Front 8

Blister/ Vesicle

Back 8

A small thin walled skin lesion containing clear fluid. A vesicle.

Front 9

Boil/furuncle

Back 9

A localized pus producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle

Front 10

Bruise/ Ecchymosis

Back 10

A bluish black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissue as a result of an injury to the area. Eccyhymosis

Front 11

Bulla

Back 11

A large blister

Front 12

Carbuncle

Back 12

A circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contain pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface

Front 13

Cellulitis

Back 13

A diffuse acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by localized heat deep redness pain and swelling

Front 14

Cerumen

Back 14

Ear wax

Front 15

Ceruminous gland

Back 15

A modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with yellowish brown waxy substance called cerumen

Front 16

Cicatrix

Back 16

A scar, the pale firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound

Front 17

Circumscribed

Back 17

Confined to a limited space or well defined area. ( as if a circle were drawn around it)

Front 18

Collagen

Back 18

The protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligament, and fascia

Front 19

Comedo

Back 19

The typical lesion of acne Bulgaria caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle. Closed: whitehead open: blackhead

Front 20

Contusion

Back 20

An injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin

Front 21

Corium/Dermis

Back 21

The layer of the skin just under the epidermis

Front 22

Cryosurgery

Back 22

A noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezing temps to freeze and destroy the tissue. Coolants such as liquid nitrogen are used in the metal probe

Front 23

Curettage

Back 23

The process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or another surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material

Front 24

Cutaneous membrane/ Integument

Back 24

The skin.

Front 25

Cuticle

Back 25

A fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail

Front 26

Cyanosis

Back 26

A condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin

Front 27

Cyst

Back 27

A closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material

Front 28

Debridement

Back 28

Removal of debris, foreign objects and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing

Front 29

Dermatitis

Back 29

Inflammation of the skin

May be acute or chronic, contact or seborrheic

Front 30

Dermatologist

Back 30

A physician who specializes in the treatment of disease and disorders of the skin

Front 31

Dermatology

Back 31

The study of the skin

Front 32

Diaphoresis

Back 32

The excessive secretion of sweat

Front 33

Epidermis

Back 33

The outermost layer of the skin

Front 34

Epidermoid cyst/ Sebaceous cyst

Back 34

A cyst filled with a cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland. aka sebaceous cyst

Front 35

Epithelium

Back 35

The tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body.

Front 36

Erythema/ erythoderma

Back 36

Redness of the skin due to capillary dilation.

E.g. Blushing, sunburn

Front 37

Erythremia

Back 37

An abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells. Polycythemia vera

Front 38

Excoriation

Back 38

An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma such as scratching or abrasions

Front 39

Exfoliation

Back 39

Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe sunburn

Front 40

Fissure

Back 40

A crack like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane

Front 41

Fistula

Back 41

An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs or from an organ to the body surface

Front 42

Gangrene

Back 42

Death of tissue most often involving the extremities. Result of ischemia, bacterial invasion, and subsequent putrefaction of the tissue

Front 43

Hair follicle

Back 43

The tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft

Front 44

Hair root

Back 44

The portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle

Front 45

Hair shaft

Back 45

The visible part of the hair

Front 46

Hemangioma

Back 46

A benign tumor that consist of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish purple color

Front 47

Heparin

Back 47

A natural anticoagulant substance produced by the body tissues

Front 48

Hirsutism

Back 48

Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women

Front 49

Histamine

Back 49

A substance (found in cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory rxns

Front 50

Histiocyte/ Macrophage

Back 50

Macrophage a large phagocyte occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue.

Front 51

Hives/ Wheal

Back 51

Circumscribed slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than its surrounding edges.

Front 52

Hydrocele

Back 52

A collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male

Front 53

Ichthyosis

Back 53

An inherited dermatological condition in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic (hardened) and fissured resembling fish scales

Front 54

Integumentary system

Back 54

The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat gland, and sebaceous glands

Front 55

Keratin

Back 55

A hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of teeth, and horns of animals

Front 56

Keratolytic

Back 56

An agent used to break down or loosen a horny (hardened) layer of skin

Front 57

Laceration

Back 57

A tear in the skin

Front 58

Lanugo

Back 58

Soft very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus. Almost completely gone by birth

Front 59

Lesion

Back 59

Any visible damage to the tissue of the skin, such as a wound, sore,rash, or boil.

Front 60

Lipedema

Back 60

An abnormal condition in which there is swelling of the lower extremities due to an irregular distribution of fat and fluid deposits in the subcutaneous tissue. Accompanied by tenderness in the affected area.

Front 61

Lipocyte

Back 61

A fat cell

Front 62

Lunula

Back 62

A crescent shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail

Front 63

Macule

Back 63

A small flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed.

Front 64

Mast cell

Back 64

A cell (in connective tissue) that contains heparin and histamine, released in response to injury and infection

Front 65

Melanin

Back 65

A black or dark pigment ( produced by melanocytes w/in the epidermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps filter uv light

Front 66

Pachyderma

Back 66

Abnormal thickening of skin

Front 67

Papule

Back 67

A small solid circumscribed elevation on the skin

Front 68

Paronychia

Back 68

Inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail also called runaround

Front 69

Pediculosis

Back 69

Infestation of lice

Front 70

Perspiration/ Sweat

Back 70

The clear watery fluid produced by the sweat glands

Front 71

Petechia

Back 71

Small pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin

Front 72

Pimple

Back 72

A papule or pustule of the skin

Front 73

Polyp

Back 73

A small stalk like growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface resembling a mushroom stalk

Front 74

Pores

Back 74

Openings of the skin through which substances such as water salts and some fatty substances are excreted

Front 75

Pressure ulcer

Back 75

A inflammation sore or ulcer in the skin over the bony prominence of the body resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to the prolonged pressure. Aka decubitus ulcer or pressure sore

Front 76

Melanocytes

Back 76

Cells responsible for producing melanin

Front 77

Pruritus

Back 77

Itching

Front 78

Purpura

Back 78

A group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into skin and mucous membrane. Small pinpoint hemorrhages are known as petechia and larger are bruises

Front 79

Pustule

Back 79

A small elevation of the skin filled with pus, small abscess

Front 80

Scales

Back 80

Thin flakes of hardened epithelium she's from epidermis

Front 81

Seborrhea

Back 81

Excessive secretion of sebum resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales

Front 82

Sebum

Back 82

The oily secretions of sebaceous glands

Front 83

Skin tags

Back 83

Small brownish or flesh colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck

Aka cutaneous papilloma

Front 84

Squamous epithelial cells

Back 84

Flat scale like cells arranged in layers (Strata)

Front 85

Squamous epithelium

Back 85

The single layer of flattened platelike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces

Front 86

Stratified

Back 86

Layered; arranged in layers

Front 87

Melanoma

Back 87

Darkly pigmented tumor

Front 88

Stratum

Back 88

A uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells

Front 89

Stratum basale

Back 89

The layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced pushing older cells towards the outermost surface of the skin

Front 90

Stratum corneum

Back 90

The outermost layer of the epidermis (consisting of dead cells that have converted to keratin) which continually sloughs off or flakes away. Known as keratinized (horny) cell layer

Front 91

Stretch marks

Back 91

Linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid growth. Begin as bluish pink and itch, turn white known as striae.

Front 92

Subcutaneous tissue

Back 92

The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis

Front 93

Subungual hematoma

Back 93

A collection of blood beneath a nail bed usually result of trauma

Front 94

Sudoriferous gland

Back 94

Sweat gland

Front 95

Telangiectasia

Back 95

Permanent dilation of group of superficial capillaries and venules. May be visible through skin as tiny red lines. Common causes rosacea, elevated estrogen levels and actinic damage

Front 96

Ulcer

Back 96

A circumscribed open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation.

Front 97

Urticaria

Back 97

A reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often itch

Front 98

Nail body

Back 98

The visible part of the nail

Front 99

Whitehead

Back 99

A closed comedo caused by the accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle. The content is not easily expressed.

Front 100

Xanthoderma

Back 100

Any yellow coloration of the skin

Front 101

Xeroderma

Back 101

A chronic skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness

Front 102

Necrotizing fasciitis

Back 102

Rare but serious infection caused by bacteria that can destroy skin, fat, and tissue covering the muscles within a short time. The bacteria enter through skin wound make wound more severe. Aka flesh eating bacteria.

Front 103

Nodule

Back 103

A small circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin

Front 104

Oil gland/ sebaceous gland

Back 104

One of many small glands located in the dermis. It's secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin

Front 105

Onycholysis

Back 105

Separation of a fingernail from its bed beginning at the free margin. Condition associated with dermatitis of the hand, psoriasis and fungal infections.

Front 106

Onychomycosis

Back 106

Any fungal infection of the nails

Front 107

Acne vulgaris

Back 107

Common inflammatory disorder seen on the face, chest, back, and neck. Appears as papule, and comedos. Aka acne

Front 108

Herpes zoster (shingles)

Back 108

Acute viral infection characterized by painful vesicular eruptions on the skin following along the nerve pathway of underlying spinal or cranial nerves.

Front 109

Burns

Back 109

Tissue injury produced by flame, heat, chemicals, radiation, electricity, or gases. The extent of the damage to the underlying tissue is determined by the mode and duration of exposure, the thermal intensity or temp and the atomic site of the burn. Classified according to depth.

Front 110

First degree burn

Back 110

Redness/swelling of epidermis

Painful

Heal spontaneously w/pealing 3-6 days no scar

E.g. Sunburn

Front 111

Second degree burn

Back 111

Blistering pink to red some swelling

Epidermis and upper layer of dermis

Very sensitive and painful

Heal 2 weeks, no scar if no wound infection or trauma occurs during healing

E.g. Boiling water

Front 112

Third degree burn

Back 112

Tissue damage according to duration and temp

Massive necrosis of epidermis and entire dermis, may involve subcutaneous tissue or muscle

Appear black brown tan white or deep red and are wet or dry with eschar (dry crust) and coagulated capillaries

Produce pain according to amount of nerve tissue involved

Take long to heal, requires debridement and grafting

Front 113

Callus

Back 113

Common painless thickening of the epidermis at sites of external pressure or friction, such as weight bearing areas of the feet and palmar surface of the hands. Localized hyper plastic area up to 1 inch in size also known as callosity

Front 114

Carcinoma, basal cell

Back 114

Malignant epithelial cell tumor that begins as a slightly elevated nodule with a depression or ulceration in the center that becomes more obvious as the tumor grows. As the depression enlarges the tissue breaks down crusts and bleeds

Front 115

Carcinoma squamous cell

Back 115

A malignancy of the squamous cells of the epithelial tissue, which is a much faster growing cancer than basal cell carcinoma and greater potential for metastasis of not treated.

Front 116

Eczema

Back 116

Acute or chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs and accompanied by intense itching.

Front 117

Exanthematous viral disease

Back 117

Skin eruption or rash accompanied by inflammation having specific diagnostic features of an infectious viral disease

Front 118

Hyperkeratosis

Back 118

Overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis

Front 119

Impetigo

Back 119

Contagious superficial skin infection characterized by serous vesicles and pustules filed with millions of staphylococcus bacteria usually forming on the face.

Front 120

Kaposi's sarcoma

Back 120

Vascular malignant lesions that begin as soft purple brown nodules or plaques on the face and oral cavity but can occur anywhere on the body and gradually spread throughout the skin

Front 121

Keloid

Back 121

An enlarged irregularly shaped and elevated scar that forms due to the presence of large amounts of collagen during the formation of the scar

Front 122

Keratosis

Back 122

Skin condition in which there is a thickening and overgrowth of the cornified epithelium

Front 123

Seborrheic keratosis

Back 123

Appears as brown or waxy yellow wartlike lesions 5-20mm in diameter loosely attached to the skin surface

Front 124

Actinic keratosis/ solar keratosis

Back 124

A premalignant gray or red to brown hardened lesion cause by excessive exposure to sunlight

Front 125

Leukoplakia

Back 125

White, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis

Front 126

Malignant melanoma

Back 126

Malignant skin tumor originating from melanocytes in preexisting nevi, freckles or skin with pigment. Darkly pigmented cancerous tumor.

Asymmetry

Borders

Color

Diameter

Front 127

Nevus (mole)

Back 127

Visual accumulation of melanocytes creating a flat or raised rounded macule or papule with definite borders

Front 128

Onychocryptosis

Back 128

Ingrown nail. Nail pierces the lateral fold of skin and grows into the dermis causing pain and swelling

Front 129

Onychomycosis

Back 129

A fungal infection of the nail

Front 130

Pediculosis

Back 130

A highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by blood sucking lice

Front 131

Pemphigus

Back 131

Rare incurable disorder manifested by blisters in the mouth and on the skin which spread to involve large areas of the body including chest face umbilicus back and groin

Front 132

Pilonidal cyst

Back 132

A closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of the back sometimes noted at birth as a dimple

Front 133

Psoriasis

Back 133

Common noninfectious chronic disorder of the skin manifested by silvery white scales covering round raised reddened plaques producing itching

Front 134

Rosacea

Back 134

Chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects the skin of the middle of the face. Individual has persistent redness over the areas of the face nose and cheeks

Front 135

Scabies

Back 135

Highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by the "human itch mite" resulting in a rash, pruritus (itching) and slightly raised threadlike skin lines

Front 136

Condyloma acuminata (venereal warts)

Back 136

Transmitted via sexual contact found on female/male genitalia or rectum

Front 137

Seborrheic warts (seborrheic keratosis)

Back 137

Seen in elderly pop. Benign circumscribed slightly raised lesions. Occur on face neck chest upper back often accompanied by itching.

Front 138

Allergy testing

Back 138

Various procedures used to identify specific allergens in an individual by exposing the person to a very small quantity of allergen

Front 139

Cautery

Back 139

Heat or caustic substance that burn and scar the skin ( coagulation of tissue)

Front 140

Curettage and electrodesication

Back 140

Combination procedure of curettage (scraping away abnormal tissue) and electrodesiccation (destroying the tumor base with low voltage electrode)

Front 141

Dermabrasion

Back 141

Removal of epidermis and a portion of the dermis with sandpaper or brushes to eliminate superficial scars or unwanted tattoos

Front 142

Dermaplasty

Back 142

Skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by injury or disease

Front 143

Electrodesiccation

Back 143

Technique using an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue. Used for the removal of surface lesions

Front 144

Electrosurgery

Back 144

Removal or destruction of tissue with electrical current

Front 145

Escharotomy

Back 145

Incision made into necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn

Front 146

Scleroderma

Back 146

Gradual thickening of the dermis and swelling of the hands and feet to a state in which the skin is anchored to the underlying tissue

Front 147

Liposuction

Back 147

Aspiration of fat through a suction cannula or curette to alter the body contours

Front 148

Skin biopsy

Back 148

Removal of a small piece of tissue from a skin lesion for the purpose of examining under microscope to confirm or establish diagnosis

Front 149

Excisional biopsy

Back 149

Removal of complete tumor

Front 150

Insisional biopsy

Back 150

Removal of portion of lesion

Front 151

Punch biopsy

Back 151

Removal of small specimen of tissue "cookie cutter " fashion

Front 152

Shave biopsy

Back 152

Use scalpel or razor to shave lesion elevated above the skin

Front 153

Skin graft

Back 153

Placing tissue on a recipient site, taken from a donor site to provide protective mechanisms of skin to an area unable to regenerate skin

Front 154

Autografting

Back 154

Donor tissue comes from the person receiving

Front 155

Homografting/allografting

Back 155

Tissue harvested from cadaver

Front 156

Heterograft/xenograft

Back 156

Tissue obtained from animal

Front 157

Systemic lupus erythematous

Back 157

Chronic multi system inflammatory diseases characterized by lesions of the nervous system and skin renal problems and vasculitis. Red rash (butterfly rash) often seen on nose and face

Front 158

Wood's lamp

Back 158

Uv light used to examine the scalp and skin for the purpose of observing fungal spores

Front 159

Tinea

Back 159

Ringworm. Chronic fungal infection of the skin characterized by scaling itching and sometimes painful lesions. Lesions named according to the body parts affected

Front 160

Tinea capitis

Back 160

Ringworm of the scalp (more common in children)

Front 161

Tinea corporis

Back 161

Ringworm of the body. Characterized by round patches with elevated red borders of pustules papules or vesicles that affect the non hairy skin of the body. Lesions look like circles and is raised

Front 162

Tinea cruris

Back 162

Ringworm of the groin. (Jock itch)

Front 163

Tinea pedis

Back 163

Ringworm of the foot ( athlete's foot)

Front 164

Wart ( verruca, verrucae)

Back 164

Benign circumscribed elevated skin lesion that results from hypertrophy of the epidermis caused by the human papilloma virus

Front 165

Plantar warts

Back 165

Singular or clusters on sole of feet