Ch 40 Flash

Front 1

age structure

Back 1

Number of individuals in each age category for a population

Front 2

biotic potential

Back 2

Of population growth for a given species, the maximum rate of increase per individual under ideal conditions.

Front 3

carrying capacity

Back 3

The maximum number of individuals in a population (or species) that a given environment can sustain indefinitely.

Front 4

cohort

Back 4

Group of individuals from a population from the time of birth until the last one dies.

Front 5

demographic transition model

Back 5

Model that correlates changes in population growth with four stages of economic development.

Front 6

demographics

Back 6

A population's vital statistics.

Front 7

density-dependent control

Back 7

Factor that limits population growth by reducing the birth rate or increasing death and dispersal rates (e.g., predation, parasitism, disease, competition).

Front 8

density-independent factor

Back 8

Factor that causes a population's death rate to rise independently of density (e.g., a severe storm or flood).

Front 9

doubling time

Back 9

Time it takes for a population to double in size.

Front 10

ecology

Back 10

[Gk. oikos, home, + logos, reason] The scientific study of how organisms interact with one another and with their environment.

Front 11

emigration

Back 11

Permanent move by a resident out of a population.

Front 12

exponential growth

Back 12

Pattern of population growth in which population size expands by ever-increasing increments during successive intervals, because its reproductive base becomes ever larger. Size increases against time plot out as a J-shape curve.

Front 13

immigration

Back 13

One or more individuals moves from its population and takes up permanent residence in another population of its species.

Front 14

J-shaped curve

Back 14

Type of diagrammatic curve that emerges when unrestricted exponential growth of a population is plotted against time.

Front 15

life history pattern

Back 15

Patterns of reproduction, survival, and life expectancy for a population.

Front 16

limiting factor

Back 16

Single factor that limits the growth, abundance, or distribution of the population of a species in an ecosystem.

Front 17

logistic growth

Back 17

A population growth pattern. A low-density population slowly increases in size, enters a phase of rapid growth, then levels off in size once the carrying capacity has been reached.

Front 18

migration

Back 18

Recurring round trip between two or more regions in response to environmental rhythms (e.g., seasonal change).

Front 19

net population growth rate per individual (r)

Back 19

For population growth equations, a variable combining rates and death rates; assumes that both remain constant in specified interval.

Front 20

population density

Back 20

Count of individuals of a population in a habitat (by area or volume).

Front 21

population distribution

Back 21

Dispersal pattern for individuals of a population through a habitat.

Front 22

population size

Back 22

The number of individuals that make up the gene pool of a population.

Front 23

r

Back 23

Variable in population growth equations that signifies net population growth rate. Birth and death rates are assumed to remain constant and are combined into this one variable.

Front 24

reproductive base

Back 24

The number of actually and potentially reproducing individuals in a population.

Front 25

S-shaped curve

Back 25

Type of diagrammatic curve that emerges when logistic population growth is plotted against time.

Front 26

survivorship curve

Back 26

Plot of age-specific survival of a group of individuals in the environment, from the time of birth until the last one dies.

Front 27

total fertility rate

Back 27

(TFR) The average number of children being born to women of a specified population during their reproductive years.

Front 28

zero population growth

Back 28

Of a population, no overall increase or decrease during a specified interval; population size is stabilized.