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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a group
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culture
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a group that shares a geographic region, a common language, and a sense of identity/culture
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society
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a group of people who share language, customs, and a common heritage
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ethnic group
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taking existing elements of society and creating something new to meet a need
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innovation
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the spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior to different societies
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diffusion
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the heartland or place of origin of a major culture; a site of innovation from which basic ideas, materials, and technology diffuse to other cultures.
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cultural hearth
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the culture change that occurs when individuals in a society accept or adopt and innovation
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acculturation
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a version of a language that reflects changes in speech patterns due to class, region, or cultural changes
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dialect
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the belif in a supernatural power or powersthat are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe, as well as the system of beliefs itself.
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religion
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the number of live births per total population, often expressed per thoudand population
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birth rate
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the average number of children a woman of childbearing years would have in her lifetime, if she had children at the current rate for her country
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fertitity rate
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the number of deaths per thousand
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mortality rate
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the number of deaths among infants under the age of one as measured per thousand live births
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infant mortality rate
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also called population growth rate- the rate at which population is growing, found by subtracting the mortality rate from the birth rate
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rate of natural increase
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a graphic device that showa gender and age distribution of a population
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population pyramid
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a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region/a factor that draws or attracts people to another location
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puah-pull factors
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that average number number of people who live in a measurable area, reached by dividing the # of inhabitants in an area by the amount of land they occupy
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population density
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the # of organizms a piece of land can support without negative effects
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carrying capacity
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a political term describing an independant unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal and externam affairs
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state
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a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a stong sense of unity
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nation
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the name of a territory when a nation and state occupy the same territory
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nation-state
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a type of government in which citizens hold political power either directly or through elected representatives
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democracy
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a type of government in which a ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies
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monarchy
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a type of government in which an individual or a group holds complete political power
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dictatorship
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a system in which the government hold nearly all political power and the means of production
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communism
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having no outlet to the sea
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landlocked
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the study of how people use the space in cities
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urban geography
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an area that is the center of business and culture and has a large population
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city
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a political unit or community touching the borders of the central city or touching other suburbsthat touch the city
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suburb
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a functional area including a city and all its suburbs and exurbs, linked economically
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metropolitan area
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the dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result
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urbanization
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the core of a city, which is almost always based on commercial activity
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central business district(CBD)
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the production and exchange of goods and services among a group of people
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economy
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the way people produce and exchange goods
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economic system
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the type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which usually owns the means of production-also called a planned economy
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command economy
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a type of economic system in which the production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers-also called a demand economy or capitalism
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market economy
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a meterial on or in the earth, such as a tree, fish, or coal, that has economic value
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natural resources
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the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems
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infastructure
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the average amount of money earned by each person in a political unit
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per capita income
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the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a period of time
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gross national product(GnP)
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the value of only goods and services produced within a country in a period of time
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gross domestic product(GDP)
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What makes up culture
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food and shelter, religion, relationships, language, education, security and proctection, political social organization, creative expression
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the movement of people on the planet
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migration
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the increasingly interconnected nature of worldwide trade and exchange 1economic2political3cultural
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globalization
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the importantaspect of culture that allows people to communicate
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language
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how many laguages are there today?
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6000+
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a place name that reflects past inhabitants and their relation to the land
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toponym
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1075 million speak this language
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mandarin chinese
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belief in one god
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monotheistic
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belief in many gods
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polytheistic
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belief in the divine forces of nature
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animistic
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oldest monotheistic, located in israel, called jews, based on torah, religious center is jerusalem
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judaism
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largest of all(2bill), evolved from judaism, based on christ, every continent, bible
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christianity
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oldest religion, 5000 years ago, 900mill+, india, ganges river=sacred, polytheistic, reincarnation
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hinduism
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fastest growing(1bill), Saudi arabia, koran, Sunni/Shiite, muhammad
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islam
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300mill, China/se asia, nepal, prince siddartha guatama, spiritual, thervada/manayana
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buddhism
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the process that is leading to increasingly large groups of people who claim no allegiance to any church, europe+us
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secularization
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the process leading to increasingly large groups of people claim one true way to worship and envision a return to a more perfect religion, us+islam
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fundamentalism
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the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase
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doubling time
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e asia, s asia, se asia, europe, n america
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do live
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dry lands, wet lands, high lands, cold lands
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don't live
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China(1.299bil), india, us,etc.
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most populated
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the study of the interaction of geographical area and political process
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political geography
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Monaco
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42, 649 most densely populated
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Mongolia
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4.5 least densely populated
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a nation not having a territory
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stateless nation
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potential to become more powerful
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large nations
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impacts how easily it can be governed
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shape
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landlocked/sea
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relative location
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physical feature creates this
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natural boundary
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straight line
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artificial boundary
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study of how people use space in cities
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urban geography
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centers of business, pop, bithplace of change
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cities
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two or more metropolitain areas
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megalopolis
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good locations
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ports
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land use patterns
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residential, industrial, and commercial
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goods and services are traded without exchanging money/bartering
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traditional economy
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gathering raw materials
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primary
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manufaturing
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secondary
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sell
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tertiary
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provide info, management, technological services
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quarternary
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richest per capita income
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Luxembourg
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poorest per capita income
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East Timor
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highest groww domestic
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us
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