Ch 4: The Civil War

Front 1

blockade

Back 1

preventing merchant vessels with trade goods from entering or leaving ports

Front 2

Robert E. Lee

Back 2

military leader from Virginia who left the Union army to command the southern army

Front 3

Anaconda Plan

Back 3

a Union military plan for defeating the South by dividing the Confederacy in two

Front 4

border states

Back 4

4 states that bordered Southern states, allowed slavery but did not join the Confederacy

Front 5

Stonewall Jackson

Back 5

Confederate military hero who refused to yield to the Union army at Bull Run

Front 6

George B. McClellan

Back 6

second leader of the Union army

Front 7

Ulysses S. Grant

Back 7

successful Union general who eventually became the leader of the Union army

Front 8

Shiloh

Back 8

tragic battle in Tennessee that shocked both North and South by the horrors of the war

Front 9

contraband

Back 9

captured war supplies

Front 10

Antietam

Back 10

the bloodiest battle in a single day of the Civil War

Front 11

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 11

freed all enslaved people living in the states of the rebellion

Front 12

Militia Act

Back 12

mandated that black soldiers be accepted into the military

Front 13

54th Massachusetts Regiment

Back 13

all black regiment known for its bravery

Front 14

income tax

Back 14

tax based on an individual’s earnings

Front 15

bond

Back 15

a certificate bought from the government that promises to pay back the purchase amount plus interest

Front 16

Homestead Act

Back 16

a law that made western land available at low cost to those who would farm the land

Front 17

conscription

Back 17

drafting men to fight in a war

Front 18

Copperhead

Back 18

a northern Democrat who opposed the war

Front 19

habeas corpus

Back 19

constitutional guarantee that no one can be held in prison without charges being filed

Front 20

inflation

Back 20

occurs when prices rise

Front 21

Clara Barton

Back 21

nursed Civil War soldiers as part of the official military effort and later founded the American Red Cross

Front 22

siege

Back 22

military tactic in which an enemy is surrounded and all supplies are cut off in an attempt to force a surrender

Front 23

Vicksburg

Back 23

Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River that surrendered to Union forces in 1863 after a siege

Front 24

Battle of Gettysburg

Back 24

battle in 1863 in which Confederate troops were prevented from invading the North; resulted in 50,000 casualties

Front 25

George Pickett

Back 25

leader of the South’s bloody assault on the Union-held Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg

Front 26

Gettysburg Address

Back 26

speech by President Lincoln in which he dedicated a national cemetery at Gettysburg and reaffirmed the ideas for which the Union was fighting

Front 27

total war

Back 27

military strategy in which an army attacks not only enemy troops but the economic and civilian resources that support them

Front 28

William Tecumseh Sherman

Back 28

Union general, practiced total war as he marched through and conquered Georgia

Front 29

Thirteenth Amendment

Back 29

1865 constitutional amendment that abolished slavery

Front 30

John Wilkes Booth

Back 30

assassinated President Lincoln

Front 31

Mathew Brady

Back 31

photographer who documented the horrors of war with his pictures of Civil War battles

Front 32

Land Grant College Act

Back 32

gave money from sale of public lands to states to establish universities that taught agriculture and mechanical arts