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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 characters of Chordates
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Notochord
Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord Pharyngeal Slits or Clefts Muscular post anal-tail |
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Notochord
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Longitudinal Flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord. In most vertebrates a more complex, jointed skeleton develops around notochord
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Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord
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Nerve cord specific to chordates that develops from a plate of ectoderm
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Pharyngeal Slits/Clefts
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A series of pouches seperated by grooves, forms alongside the pharynx. Function as suspension feeders in invertebrate, in chordates they develop into gill slits and gas exchange as well as parts of ear and other head/neck structures.
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Muscular Post-Anal Tail
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Tail that extends posterior to the anus. It is greatly reduced during embryonic development of many species.
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Lancelets
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Most basal Chordates
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Tunicates
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More closely related to other chordates than lancelets. Show most apparate chordate characteristics during larva stage.
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Neural Crest
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Collection of cells that appear near the dorsal margins of the closing neural tube in an embro. Give rise to many structures throughout the body.
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Myxini (Hagfish)
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Most basal Craniate group, Have a skull but lack a jaw/vertebrate.
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Craniate
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Chordate with a head
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Lampray
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Most basal lineage of living vertebrates.
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Gnathostomes
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Chordates with Jaws which are used to grip and slice food
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Lateral Line System
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Organs that form a row along each side of body and are sensitive to vibrations in the water. Aquatic gnathstomes.
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Placoderm
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Earlest gnathstomes in the fossil record
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Chondrichthyans
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Have a skeleton composed of predominantly cartilage, though often impregnated with calcium.
Mainly sharks, rays, and their relatives. |
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Osteichthyans
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Gnatostomes that have an ossified endoskeleton with a hard matrix of calcium phosphate.(Boney Fish)
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Operculum
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Bony flap that covers gills on Osteichthyes (Fishes)
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Swim Bladder
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Air sac used to control buoyancy of fishes.Movement of gas from the blood to the swim bladder increases bouyancy, making the fish rise, and vice versa.
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Ray-Finned Fishes
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Named for the bony rays that support their fins
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Lobe-Fin Fishes
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Presence of rod-shaped bones surrounded by a thick layer of muscle in their pectoral and pelvic fins
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Three Lineages of Lobe-Fin Fishes
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Coelacanths
Lungfishes Tetrapods |
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Tetrapods
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Gnathostomes with limbs
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Amphibians
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Salamanders, Frogs, Caecilians.
Refers to the life stage of living on water and land. |
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Aminotes
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Tetrapods whos extant members are the reptiles and mammals.
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Amniotic Egg
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Amnion
Chorion Yolk Sac Allantois |
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Reptile
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Tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodillians, and birds along with a number of extinct groups
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Exothermic
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Absorb External heat as their main form of body heat
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Endothermic
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Maintain body temperature through metabolic functions
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Ratites
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Ostrich, rhea, kiwi, cassowary, and emu. Flightless birds.
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Mammels
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Amniote distinguished by mammary glands that produce milk for offspring, balanced diet rich in fats/sugars/proteins/vitamins/minerals, hair and fat
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Synapsids
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Group in which mammals belong to. Distinctive by the hole located behind the eye in the head or the temporal fenestra
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Monotremes
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Found only in Australia and New Guinea. Represented by one speciees of platypus and four species of echindnas. Lay-Eggs
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Marsupials
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Oppossums, Kangaroos, and Koalas. Mammels with a pouch
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Eutherians
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Complete their embryonic development within the uterus joined to the mother by the placenta
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Placenta
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A structure in which nutrients diffuse into the embryo from the mothers blood
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Anthropoids
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Monkeys and apes
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