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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why did the germans make alliances in the late 19th century?
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Because they were afraid that frace would try to regain alsace-lorraine
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Why did the french make alliances in the 19th century?
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Becuse they were fearful of Hermany's growing military and industrial strenghth and they wanted alsace-lorraine
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Why did britain and france form the entente cordiale in 1904
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Both rivals of germany so they could work together, H.M.S. Dreadnaught
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What was an important boat
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HMS Dreadnaught
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Why did russia join with Britain and france to form the triple entente in 1907
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russia had split from germany and they had lost a war to the japanese in 1905
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Why were the system of alliances in europe a threat to peace in that region
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increased tension, a country that has allies is more agressive, "chain reaction"
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what is militarism and why was it a threat to peace in europe
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glorifying war and arming ones country for it. because any small conflict brough on cries of war, (sabre rattling-threatening to use force)
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why was france ready for war
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wanted to regain alsace lorraine
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why was germany ready for war
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extend german power and territory
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why was russia ready for war
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wanted pan-slavism, helped slavs in order to gain the mediterranean
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french nickame for germans
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bosche
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where and when were franz and sophie ferdinand killed
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sarajevo on june 28 1914
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why were franz and spohie ferdinand killed
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to pave the way for a slavic revolution
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who killed franz and sophie and what group was he part of and what kind of gun did he use
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gavrilo princip, the balck hand, smith and weston
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what were franz ferdinands last words
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"sophie you must live for the children"
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what does yugolsavia mean
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union of southern slavs
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why did austria not want to avoid war in 1914
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because they wanted to stop a serbian rebellion, revernge for franz's death, no more pan-slavism
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why did germany not want to avoid war in 1914
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their alliance with austria was important to their security, berlin to baghdad railway runs through the balkans
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why did russia not want to avoid war in 1914
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feared austrian control of the balkans, "big slavic borther" to serbs
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why was great britain not factored into the calculations for war in europe
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did not have a large army, stayed out of affairs usually
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what was the british army called
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"the old contemtibles" or "tommies"
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who was edward grey
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britains foreign secretary in 1914, he knew the war would be long (the lamps are going out all over europe and they will not be lit again in this lifetime)
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"a scrap of paper?"
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britain wanted to go war bc of a peace treaty with belgium
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why did the germans not win a quick decisive victory in 1914
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because the russians were too fast and troops were needed when russia invaded prussia
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what was no mans land
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the area between opposing lines
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the machine gun
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600 rounds/minute, defensive
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the tank
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broke stalemates, but too slow and vulnerable
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poison gas
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ineffective but terrifying
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the airplane
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used for spying, then pursuit and later came bombers
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who was roland garros
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a famous french pilot
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the submarine
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john holland invented it, most famous sub (u-boat) was the lusitania, prolly most hated weapon
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barbed wire
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defensive weapon
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zeppelins
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named after count von zeppelin, rigid air ship that could fly very high, had a canvas skin
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what was air fighting called?
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dogfighting
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battle of the marne
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WAR WONT BE SHORT-1914- called the taxi cab battle, miracle on the marne
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battle of ypres
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FIRST USE OF GAS, WAR WILL BE LONG AND TERRIBLE-1915 in belgium
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battle of tannenberg
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RUSSIA IS WEAK, SHOULD NOT HAVE GOTTEN INVOLVED IN THE WAR-sept. in poland, ONE MILLION RUSSIAN CASUALTIES
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2 good things about russias army
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large amount of men, the size of the country
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russian officer who screwed up the battle of tannenberg
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samsonov bc he divided the army into two around a swamp so communication was impossible
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battle of the somme
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BRITAINS BLOODIEST DAY WITH 57,470 CASUALTIES-british attack on the germans 1916, only 100 yards gained
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battle of verdun
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LARGEST BATTLE OF THE WAR, 1 MILLION CASUALTIES, "they shall not pass", nothing gained
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battle of gallipoli
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churchill's idea, capture constantinople and bosporus, open up black sea
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the biggest disgrace of the german navy
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their mutiny
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the battle of meuse-argonne
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US VICTORY, LAST GREAT BATTLE OF THE WAR-oct 1918,
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the battle of jutland
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ONLY MAJOR BATTLE ON THE SURFACE, germans won but left so technically the british won, 1916
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battle of caporetto
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SHOWED THAT ITALY SHOULD HAVE STAYED NEUTRAL-1917, offensive in alps against austrians
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why was russia forced to sue for peace at brest-litousk
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its army was poorly trained, ill led, lost its will to fight, badly equipped, more than 2 million dead, food shortages
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why did italy enter the war on the side of the allies
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because it was promised land in austria and africa
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what is italiarredenta
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unredeemed italy
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why did japan join the allies
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promised territories in china and neighbooring islands
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why did australia and new zealand join the allies
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to join with england (the commonwealth)
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how did the turks frustrate the allies
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mines in the dardanelles, heavy artillery along shores, could not access balck sea fleet
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why did the arabs join the allies
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becuse they wanted to topple ottoman rule and GET INDEPENDENCE
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who was colonel T.E. Lawrence
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lawrence of arabia, helpes the arabs, felt betrayed by his army bc they didnt help
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what is propaganda
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info to tell ppl what to beleive (opposite of censorship)
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what was the lusitania
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a british passenger ship that was sunk by a german u-boat
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why did the zimmerman telegram move the US closer to war
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because the germans angered Americans even more by promising their land to mexico
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unrestricted and restricted sub warfare
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german tactic
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flamethrower
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offesive weapon, not effective
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B.A.R.
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Browning Automatic rifle desgined to break up a stalemate
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who were the allies
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britain, france, russia, italy, US, japan, portugal, greece, serbia etc.
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who were the central powers
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germany, austria-hungary, turkey, bulgaria
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where was the western front
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400 miles from the swiss fronteir to the north sea
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which four empires crumbled as an effect of WWI
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austro-hungarian, german, ottoman, russian
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john j pershing
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black jack, "lafayette we are here
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ferdinand foch
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over all allied commander, french, pershings boss
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eddie rickenbacker
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94 infantry,racecar driver, shot 22 planes and 4 balloons, won the congressional medal of honor
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raoul luftbeary
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american, taught eddie rickenbacker
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frank luke
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friend wagner was killed by germans, hated germans as a result, won the congressional medal of honor
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alvin c. york
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religious farm boy, killed 25 and took 132 prisoners, won the congressional medal of honor
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father francis duffy
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parish was in times square
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george duywemer
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of the storks, flew away and never came down
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rene fonck
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greatest allied ace, 80 victories
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billy bishop
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of canada, 72 planes shot down
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albert ball
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19 years old, kills 40
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german villain
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kaiser wilhelm von hohenzollern
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austrian villain
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emporer franz josef von hapsburg
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russian villain
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czar nicholas romanov
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turkish villain
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abdul the damned or abdul the butcher
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the red baron
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baron bon richtofen
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general patten's nickname
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"old blood and guts"
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what does russia do as a result of WWI
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undergoes a revolution and becomes the world's first communist state
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league of nations
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14 points made by wilson, "peace without victory", disarmament, self-determination, fiar treatment of colonial ppl
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