Ch 31

Front 1

benign tumor of the 8th cranial nerve

Back 1

acoustic neuroma

Front 2

narrow pathway for the for the cerebrospinal fluid to flow to the 4th ventricle and then to the brain stem and spine

Back 2

cerebral aqueduct

Front 3

nourishing fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord, acting like a watery cushion to prevent injury

Back 3

cerebrospinal fluid

Front 4

very fibrous outer layer of the meninges

Back 4

dura mater

Front 5

tough fibrous tissue sheet resembling a helmet that protects the brain

Back 5

galea

Front 6

ligament that connects one spinous process of a vertebra to another

Back 6

ligamentum flavum

Front 7

portion of the brain located between the forebrain and hind brain. the corpora quadrigemina and cerebral aqueduct are located here

Back 7

midbrain

Front 8

forked division of a spinal nerve

Back 8

rami

Front 9

why are neurosurgical procedures performed?

Back 9

remove pathological lesions, relieve pressure on the brain, relieve pain, and repair peripheral nerves

Front 10

nervous system is divided into two parts

Back 10

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Front 11

central nervous system contains

Back 11

brain and spinal cord

Front 12

peripheral nervous system contains

Back 12

cranial and spinal nerves and their branches

Front 13

forebrain

Back 13

cerebrum

Front 14

midbrain

Back 14

corpora quadrigemina and cerebral peduncles

Front 15

hindbrain

Back 15

cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

Front 16

lobes include

Back 16

frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital

Front 17

how many pairs of cranial nerves?

Back 17

12

Front 18

trigeminal

Back 18

V motor and sensory

Front 19

acoustic nerve

Back 19

VIII hearing and equilibrium

Front 20

how many pairs of spinal nerves

Back 20

31

Front 21

spinal segments: cervical pairs, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Back 21

8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal

Front 22

a severed nerve, usually in the hand or forearm, is anastomosed to restore function

Back 22

peripheral nerve repair (neurorrhaphy)

Front 23

commonly performed to relieve arterial spasm caused by vascular disease

Back 23

sympathectomy

Front 24

opening is created in the vertebral lamina to expose the spinal cord and/or disk

Back 24

lumbar laminectomy

Front 25

4 common indications for a laminectomy

Back 25

remove a herniated disk, spinal cord tumor, aneurysm, repair spinal cord do to trauma

Front 26

position for laminectomy

Back 26

laminectomy turned onto laminectomy brace after induction

Front 27

during laminectomy, surgeon packs sponges along the vertebra with what

Back 27

cobb elevator

Front 28

five cervical vertebrae... each has a body and an elastic cushion, called what? that seperates the bodies from one another

Back 28

intervertebral disk

Front 29

the most common neurosurgical problem of the intervertebral disk

Back 29

herniation

Front 30

bone graft is taken from where during an anterior cervical fusion

Back 30

iliac crest

Front 31

during an anterior cervical fusion, a layer of fascia lying over the vertebra is incised with what

Back 31

#15 knife blade mounted on a #7 handle

Front 32

provide stability and restore anatomical alignment to the spine

Back 32

spinal fixation devices

Front 33

what implant and insertion trays include 10 separate trays full of instruments, trials, and prostheses

Back 33

the texas scottish rite hospital (TSRH)

Front 34

an opening is made into the skull to expose the brain and intracranial structures

Back 34

craniotomy

Front 35

posterior occipital bone is perforated and removed and the foramen magnum is exposed to remove a lesion

Back 35

posterior fossa craniectomy

Front 36

position for a posterior fossa craniectomy

Back 36

sitting or beach chair w/ headresr such as mayfield or gardner skull clamp

Front 37

trephine

Back 37

bur hole

Front 38

use three- dimensional coordinates to destroy target structures in the brain with heat, cold, x-rays, and ultrasound

Back 38

stereotactic neurosurgical procedure

Front 39

common conditions and/or parts of the body for which use of the stereotactic approach is indicated

Back 39

tumors, basal ganglia, thalamus, hypophysis, aneurysms, and antereolateral spinal tracts

Front 40

position for stereotactic procedures

Back 40

sitting with mayfield

Front 41

performed to correct the premature closure of an infants cranial suture line

Back 41

craniostenosis

Front 42

bulging of an artery whose origin is the internal corotid or mid cerebral artery

Back 42

intracranial aneurysm

Front 43

caused by a weakening in the arterial wall, usually resulting from a congenital defect

Back 43

aneurysm

Front 44

the anastomosis of an extracranial artery to an intracranial artery to bypass a stricture or blockage below the bifurcation of the common corotid artery

Back 44

cerebral revascularization

Front 45

an abnormal communication between the arteries and veins (called a fistula)

Back 45

arteriovenous malformation (AV malformation)

Front 46

procedure performed most often to treat brain abscess or subdural hematoma

Back 46

bur hole

Front 47

area of bone in the skull is replaced with a bone cement plate, autograft, or metal prosthesis

Back 47

cranioplasty

Front 48

diversion of cerebrospinal fluid away from the ventricles of the brain to another location in the body

Back 48

shunting procedure

Front 49

congenital anomaly that results in an increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles

Back 49

hydrocephalus

Front 50

the surgeon examines the ventricles of the brain with an endoscope

Back 50

ventriculoscopy

Front 51

prerequisite for safe endoscopic procedures

Back 51

clear visualization of the anatomy

Front 52

minimally invasive endoscopic approach for the treatment of various spinal disorders

Back 52

lumbar diskoscopy

Front 53

lumbar diskoscopy is aided by what

Back 53

fluoroscopy

Front 54

to free an entrapped median volar nerve and restore function to the wrist

Back 54

carpel tunnel release

Front 55

where does the median nerve lie?

Back 55

on the wrist's volar surface

Front 56

to preserve the neural tissue and close the dural and cutaneous defect

Back 56

myelomeningocele repair

Front 57

congenital defect in which the neural tube fails to close while the fetus is developing

Back 57

myelomeningocele

Front 58

surgical goals are removal of the lesion, restoration of circulation of spinal fluid, restoration of mobility, and lessening or eradication of pain

Back 58

spinal tumor excision

Front 59

found within the spinal cord

Back 59

intramedullary tumors

Front 60

found inside the dura mater but outside the spinal cord

Back 60

extradural tumors

Front 61

free the ulnar nerve from a groove on the medial epicondyle, thereby restoring function and eliminating desensitization of the affected arm

Back 61

ulnar nerve transposition

Front 62

remove all or a portion of the pituitary gland

Back 62

transsphenoidal hypophysectomy