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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Self Reports |
- Paper Questionnaires + Paper Interviews ^ Online |
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Behavioral Measures |
- Direct Observations + Eye Tracking ^ Police Reports |
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Sampling |
Random Sample- Each member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample |
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Volunteer Bias |
People who volunteer to participate in research studies have some different characteristics, privileges, and lifestyles from those who do not voluntee |
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Problems with Accuracy in Self-Reports |
Reports might not be accurate depending on the strategy. |
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Interviews |
Advantages: Face to Face, or phone interview, it is detailed, interactive, body language, claryfication. |
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Questionnaires |
Advantages: Written Response, Anonymous. Disadvantages: Faking stuff |
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Ethics - Informed Consent |
Participants have a right to be told, before they participate, what they purpose of the research is and what they will be asked to do. |
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Ethics- Protection From Harm |
Investigators should minimize the amount of physical & psychological stress to people in their research. |
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Ethics- Justice |
Entitle all persons to access to and benefit from the contributions of psychology and to equal quality in the processes, procedures, and services being conducted by psychologists. |
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Cost- Benefit Approach- Justice |
To see whether the benefits outweigh |
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Major Sex Surveys |
Maximize surveys are biased because no one magazine reaches a random sample & the response rate is unknown. - The Kinsey Report + The National Health & Social Life ^ The National Survey of Sexual Health |
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The Kinsey Report |
Comparisons are made of female and male sexual activities. |
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The National Health & Social Life Survey |
Best sex survey of general population of the U.S that we have today. |
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The National Survey of Sexual Health & Behavior |
Most recent major national sex survey. |
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Web-Based Surveys |
- Surveys administered on Web-Sites + Cannot recruit which longer samples ^ Can locate stigmatized minorities * May be problematic because environment cannot be controlled |
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Media Content Analysis |
- Content analysis refers to a set of procedures used to make valid inferences about text. 1. Define the population 2. Create coding protocol |
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Qualitative Methods |
Research results conveyed in words as opposed to numbers. Ethnography |
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Ethnography |
A research method used to provide a description of human society. |
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Participant-Observer Studies |
The scientist becomes a part of the community to be studied. -Charles Moser |
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Laboratory Studies |
Masters & Johnson: The physiology of sexual response. |
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Masters & Johnson |
Goal: To understand of how the body responds to sexual stimulation. - Sampling of participants engaged in sexual behavior in the lab. |
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Correlation Study |
- Data obtained tell whether certain factors are related +Does not tell what causes various aspets of sexual behavior Experiments. |
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Experiments |
One factor must manipulate while all other factors are held constant. IV is manipulated DV is measured |
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Meta Analysis |
Statistical method that allows the researcher to combine the results of all prior studies on a particular question to see what, taken together, they say. |
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Average |
The mean is the average of the scores of all people + the median is the score that splits the sample in half. |
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Variability |
Incidence vs. Frequency |
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Incidence |
% of a person |
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Frequency |
How often a person does something |
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Correlation |
# that measures the relationship between 2 variables |
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Strength & Direction |
All correlations have strength and direction. When two variables have a positive correlation, that means the two variables move in the same direction. The closer a positive correlation is to 1, the stronger it is. |
