Ch 3 Medical Terminology

Front 1

antihypnotic

Back 1

1. Preventing or inhibiting sleep.

2. An agent that prevents or inhibits sleep.

Front 2

necrosis

Back 2

The death of cells, tissues, or organs.

Front 3

dermatosclerosis

Back 3

Infiltration of the skin with fibrous material.

Front 4

lipochondroma

Back 4

A tumor that is both fatty and cartilaginous.

Front 5

mesoderm

Back 5

A primary germ layer of the embryo lying between ectoderm and endoderm. From it arise all connective tissues; muscular, skeletal, circulatory, lymphatic, and urogenital systems; and the linings of the body cavities.

Front 6

myasthenia

Back 6

Muscular weakness.

Front 7

histiocyte

Back 7

A monocyte that enters and remains within a particular tissue.

Front 8

polyp

Back 8

A swelling or excrescence (tumor) emanating from a mucous membrane; commonly found in vascular organs such as the nose, uterus, colon, and rectum. Polyps bleed easily; if there is a possibility that they will become malignant, they should be removed surgically.

Front 9

histiocytosis

Back 9

An abnormal number of histiocytes in the blood.

Front 10

narcosis

Back 10

Unconsciousness or stupor produced by drugs.

Front 11

pachyonychia

Back 11

Abnormal thickening of the fingernails or toenails.

Front 12

dermatomycosis

Back 12

A skin infection caused by certain fungi of the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum.

Front 13

hypnotic

Back 13

1. Pertaining to sleep or hypnosis.

2. An agent that causes an insensitivity to pain by inhibiting afferent impulses or by inhibiting the reception of sensory impressions in the cortical centers of the brain, thus causing partial or complete unconsciousness.`

Front 14

psychosis

Back 14

A mental disorder in which there is severe loss of contact with reality, evidenced by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech patterns, and bizarre or catatonic behavior.

Front 15

xanthoma

Back 15

A soft, yellow plaque or nodule on the skin, containing deposits of lipoproteins inside histiocytes.

Front 16

asthenia

Back 16

Lack or loss of strength; debility; any weakness, but esp. one originating in muscular or cerebellar disease.

Front 17

myoendocarditis

Back 17

Inflammation of the cardiac muscular wall and membranous lining.

Front 18

poliomyelitis

Back 18

An acute infectious inflammation of the anterior horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord.

Front 19

inosemia

Back 19

1. An excessive amount of fibrin in the blood.

2. The presence of inositol in the blood.

Front 20

perionychium

Back 20

The epidermis surrounding a nail.

Front 21

hidrosis

Back 21

1. The formation and secretion of sweat.

2. Excessive sweating.

Front 22

achlorhydria

Back 22

Absence of free hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It may be associated with gastric carcinoma, gastric ulcer, pernicious anemia, adrenal insufficiency, or chronic gastritis.

Front 23

chloroleukemia

Back 23

Leukemia with chlorosis.

Front 24

arteriomyomatosis

Back 24

Thickening of arterial walls due to overgrowth of muscle fibers.

Front 25

hydronephrosis

Back 25

Stretching of the renal pelvis as a result of obstruction to urinary outflow.

Front 26

tracheocele

Back 26

Protrusion of mucous membrane through the wall of the trachea.

Front 27

isodactylism

Back 27

A condition of having fingers or toes of equal length.

Front 28

epidermitis

Back 28

Inflammation of the superficial layers of the skin.

Front 29

xanthosis

Back 29

A yellowing of the skin seen in carotenemia resulting from ingestion of excessive quantities of carrots, squash, egg yolk, and other foods containing carotenoids. The condition is usually harmless, but it may indicate an increase of lipochromes in the blood caused by other conditions such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, or a malignancy.

Front 30

meningitis

Back 30

Inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain, usually but not always caused by an infectious illness.

Front 31

necrocytotoxin

Back 31

A toxin that causes the death of cells.

Front 32

myolipoma

Back 32

Muscle tissue tumor containing fatty elements.

Front 33

polymyositis

Back 33

A relatively uncommon inflammatory disease of skeletal muscles, marked by symmetrical weakness of the proximal muscles of the limbs, elevated serum muscle enzymes, evidence of muscle necrosis on biopsy, and electromyographic abnormalities.

Front 34

helcoma

Back 34

Ulcer of the cornea.

Front 35

arachnodactyly

Back 35

Spider fingers; a state in which fingers and sometimes toes are abnormally long and slender.

Front 36

chondralgia

Back 36

Pain in or around a cartilage.

Front 37

chondroangioma

Back 37

An angioma containing cartilaginous elements.

Front 38

syndactyly

Back 38

The fusion, usually congenital, of one or more fingers or toes. q

Front 39

osteochondroma

Back 39

A tumor composed of both cartilaginous and bony substance.

Front 40

somatic

Back 40

1. Pertaining to nonreproductive cells or tissues.

2. Pertaining. to the body.

3. Pertaining to sensations perceived as originating from superficial or muscular structures of the body rather than sensations seeming to come from the internal organs (the viscera).

Front 41

icterohepatitis

Back 41

Liver inflammation with jaundice.

Front 42

anisocytosis

Back 42

A condition of excessive inequality in the size of cells, esp. erythrocytes.

Front 43

trachelism

Back 43

Backward spasm of the neck, sometimes preceding an epileptic attack.

Front 44

sympodia

Back 44

A fusion of the lower extremities.

Front 45

pachyderma

Back 45

Abnormal thickening of the fingernails or toenails.

Front 46

onychomycosis

Back 46

A fungal infection of the nails usually caused by Trichophyton and Tineaspecies and occasionally by Candida or other fungi. The hallmarks of the disease are thickening, scaling, and discoloration of the nailbed.

Front 47

hyperchlorhydria

Back 47

An excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Front 48

mycethemia

Back 48

Fungi in the blood.

Front 49

toxicoderma

Back 49

Any skin disease resulting from a poison.

Front 50

Choose the correct definition of podocyte.

Back 50

special epithelial cell with numerous footplates

Front 51

What kind of disorder is psychosis?

Back 51

it is a mental disorder

Front 52

Choose the correct definition of psychometry.

Back 52

measurement of psychological variables

Front 53

Choose the correct definition of cyanoderma.

Back 53

blue or darkish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes

Front 54

Choose the correct term for 'yellowness of the skin.'

Back 54

xanthoderma

Front 55

What is the location of the mesoderm in relation to the endoderm and the ectoderm?

Back 55

it lies between them

Front 56

Choose the correct definition of metamyelocyte.

Back 56

transitional cell intermediate in development between a myelocyte and a mature granular leukocyte

Front 57

Choose the correct definition of chlorosis.

Back 57

iron-deficiency anemia

Front 58

What does the prefix of achlorhydria indicate about the stomach?

Back 58

the absence of hydrochloric acids

Front 59

Macrodactylia indicates what condition of the digits?

Back 59

excessive size

Front 60

Choose the correct definition of podencephalus.

Back 60

deformed fetus in whom most of the brain is outside the skull and is attached by a thin pedicle

Front 61

Meningitis is the inflammation of what?

Back 61

membranes of the spinal cord or brain

Front 62

Choose the correct definition of hypnoidal.

Back 62

resembling sleep

Front 63

Choose the correct definition of dyshidrosis.

Back 63

disorder of the sweating apparatus

Front 64

Dermatosclerosis indicates what about the skin?

Back 64

infiltration of the skin with fibrous material

Front 65

Choose the correct definition of helcosis.

Back 65

ulceration

Front 66

Choose the correct definition of acanthocyte.

Back 66

abnormal erythrocyte with spines sticking out from its cell membrane

Front 67

Choose the correct definition of chondroangioma.

Back 67

angioma containing cartilage

Front 68

Choose the correct term for 'inflammation of cartilage.'

Back 68

chondritis

Front 69

Choose the correct term for 'excessive sweating.'

Back 69

hyperhidrosis

Front 70

Choose the correct term for 'pain in the neck.'

Back 70

trachelodynia

Front 71

Where does a histiocyte reside?

Back 71

tissue

Front 72

Choose the correct definition of splenicterus.

Back 72

inflammation of the spleen associated with jaundice

Front 73

What does the prefix of antihypnotic indicate about sleep?

Back 73

prevention or inhibition

Front 74

The term psychosomatic refers to the relationship of what?

Back 74

the brain and the body

Front 75

Choose the correct term for 'inflammation of fibrous tissue.'

Back 75

inositis

Front 76

Choose the correct term for 'tumor composed of tissue.'

Back 76

histoma

Front 77

Inosemia indicates an excessive amount of what where?

Back 77

fibrin in the blood

Front 78

Choose the correct term for 'under the (finger) nail; nail bed.'

Back 78

hyponychium

Front 79

What occurs where with mycethemia?

Back 79

fungi in the blood

Front 80

With onychomycosis, where does infection occur and what is the cause?

Back 80

in the nails; fungi

Front 81

How is the cornea affected with helcoma?

Back 81

there is an ulcer

Front 82

What does arachnodactyly indicate?

Back 82

unusually long, slender fingers and toes

Front 83

Choose the correct term for 'fewer than the normal number of fingers and toes.'

Back 83

hypodactylia

Front 84

Choose the correct definition of anonychia.

Back 84

absence of nails

Front 85

Choose the correct term for 'muscular weakness and abnormal fatigue.'

Back 85

myasthenia

Front 86

What does a necrocytotoxin do?

Back 86

causes death to cells

Front 87

Choose the correct definition of myeloid.

Back 87

pertaining to or produced in bone marrow

Front 88

Polymyositis is a relatively uncommon inflammatory disease of what?

Back 88

skeletal muscle

Front 89

Choose the correct definition of myosclerosis.

Back 89

hardening of muscle

Front 90

Choose the correct term for 'inflammation of the skin with (thickening and) hardening.'

Back 90

sclerodermatitis

Front 91

Choose the correct term for 'tumor originating in the bone marrow cells.'

Back 91

myeloma

Front 92

Choose the correct definition of trachelismus (trachelism).

Back 92

backward spasm of the neck

Front 93

Choose the correct definition of myodynia.

Back 93

muscle pain

Front 94

Choose the correct definition of acrohyperhidrosis.

Back 94

excessive perspiration of the hands and feet

Front 95

What is the condition of syndactylous digits?

Back 95

the digits are fused

Front 96

What does the prefix of hyperchlorhydria indicate about hydrochloric acids in the stomach?

Back 96

an excess

Front 97

Choose the correct definition of meningomyelocele (myelomeningocele).

Back 97

hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

Front 98

Choose the correct definition of polyneuritis.

Back 98

inflammation of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously

Front 99

Choose the correct definition of lipochondroma.

Back 99

a tumor both fatty and cartilaginous

Front 100

Choose the correct definition of epidermitis.

Back 100

inflammation of the superficial layers of the skin

Front 101

Myoendocarditis is inflammation of what?

Back 101

the cardiac muscles and membranous lining

Front 102

What is fused with sympodia?

Back 102

the lower extremities

Front 103

Choose the correct definition of myolipoma.

Back 103

muscle tissue tumor containing fatty elements

Front 104

Choose the correct term for 'enlargement of the liver.'

Back 104

hepatomegaly

Front 105

What condition does pseudoicterus resemble?

Back 105

jaundice

Front 106

Perionychium is what where?

Back 106

the epidermis surrounding the nail

Front 107

Choose the correct term for 'resembling an ulcer.'

Back 107

helcoid

Front 108

Hidrosis is the formation and secretion of what?

Back 108

sweat

Front 109

Choose the correct definition of meningoarteritis.

Back 109

inflammation of the meningeal arteries

Front 110

What is the cause of arteriomyomatosis, the thickening of arterial walls?

Back 110

an overgrowth of muscle fibers

Front 111

Choose the correct term for 'lacking water.

Back 111

anhydrous

Front 112

Choose the correct definition of antasthenic.

Back 112

relieving weakness

Front 113

Choose the correct definition for poliomyelitis.

Back 113

acute infectious inflammation of the anterior horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord

Front 114

Choose the correct term for 'cells of equal size.'

Back 114

isocytosis

Front 115

Choose the correct definition of symbiotic.

Back 115

Choose the correct definition of symbiotic.

Front 116

What does the suffix of histiocytosis indicate about histiocytes?

Back 116

an abnormal condition

Front 117

Where does pain appear with chondralgia?

Back 117

in cartilage

Front 118

Choose the correct term for 'numbness following sleep.'

Back 118

narcohypnia

Front 119

Choose the correct definition of hematomyelia.

Back 119

hemorrhage into the spinal cord

Front 120

Which correctly describes pachyderma?

Back 120

unusual thickness of the skin

Front 121

Dermatomycosis is a skin condition caused by what?

Back 121

fungus

Front 122

Choose the correct definition of dermalgia.

Back 122

pain localized in the skin

Front 123

What do hypnotics induce?

Back 123

sleep

Front 124

With melanoleukoderma, what is the appearance of the skin?

Back 124

mottled (dark and light)

Front 125

Toxicoderma is skin disease resulting from what?

Back 125

poison

Front 126

Choose the correct definition of xanthocyte.

Back 126

cell containing yellow pigment

Front 127

Choose the correct definition of neuromyelitis.

Back 127

inflammation of nerves and the spinal cord

Front 128

To what does the word somatic generally pertain?

Back 128

the body

Front 129

Choose the correct definition of antinarcotic.

Back 129

to oppose the action of a narcotic

Front 130

Osteochondroma is a tumor composed of what?

Back 130

cartilaginous and bony substances

Front 131

Choose the correct definition of xanthemia.

Back 131

carotene in the blood, marked by yellowing of the skin

Front 132

Choose the correct definition of anti-icteric.

Back 132

preventing or relieving jaundice

Front 133

Choose the correct definition of neurohistology.

Back 133

microscopic anatomy of peripheral nerves and the central nervous system

Front 134

Choose the correct definition of dermatomyoma.

Back 134

myoma of the skin

Front 135

Which best describes xanthoma plaques or nodules?

Back 135

yellow

Front 136

Choose the correct definition of narcosis.

Back 136

unconsciousness or stupor produced by drugs

Front 137

How is xanthosis best described?

Back 137

a yellowing of the skin

Front 138

Choose the correct definition of osteoporosis.

Back 138

loss of bone mass throughout the skeleton

Front 139

Where does the protrusion of trachelocele occur?

Back 139

in the tracheal wall

Front 140

Choose the correct term for 'an excessive number of nails.'

Back 140

polyonychia

Front 141

a cartilage cell

Back 141

chondrocyte.