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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Cytoskeleton
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Network of protein filaments that extend throughout the cytoplasm, providing cellular shape and organization
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Define Centrosome
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An orgnizing center for growth of the mitotic spindle
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Define Ribosomes
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Sites of protein synthesis
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Define Rough ER
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Site where secretory proteins and membrane molecules are synthesized
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Define Smooth ER
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Functions in synthesizing fatty acids and steriods, helping liver cells release glucose into the bloodstream, and detoxification
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DEfine Golgi complex
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Modifies, sorts, packages, and transports molecules synthesized in the rough ER
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Define Lysosomes
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Membrane-enclosed vesicles formed in the Golgi complex that contain strongly hydrolytic enzymes
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Define Peroxisomes
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Membrane-enclosed vesicles that contain enzymes that oxidize various organic substances
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Define Mitochondria
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Function in ARP generation
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DEfine Cilia
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Microtubular structures extending from the plasma membrance and involved in movement of materials along the cell's surface
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DEfine proteasomes
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Contain enzymes that break apart unneeded, damaged, or faulty proteins into small peptides
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DEfine diffusion
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The random mixing of particles in a solution due to the kinetic energy of the particles
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DEfine Osmosis
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Movement of water from an area of higher to an area of lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
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Define Facilitated Diffusion
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Passive transport in which a solute binds to a specific transporter on one side of the membrane and is released on the other side
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Define Primary active transport
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Uses energy derived from hydrolysis of ATP to change the shape of a transporter protein, which "pumps" a sutatance across a cellular membrane against its contration gradient
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Define Secondary active transport
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Indirectly uses energy obtained from the breakdown of ATP; involves symporters and antiporters
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Define Vesicular transport
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Transport of substances either into or out of the cell by means of a small, spherical membranous sac formed by budding off from existing membranes
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Define Phagocytosis
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Type of endocytosis in which large solid particles are taken in
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DEfine Pinocytosis
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Type of endocytosis that involves the nonselective uptake of tiny droplets of extracellular fluid
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Define Exocytosis
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Movement of materials out of the cell by fusing of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane
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DEfine Receptor-mediated endocytosis
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Process that allows a cell to take specific ligands from the ECF by forming vesicles
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DEfine Trancytosis
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Vesicular movement involving endocytosis on one side of a cell and subsequent exocytosis on the opposite sidd of the cell
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